Epistemology Flashcards
Key elements of epistemology
valid, reason, logic, objectivity, concepts (c.o.l.r.v)
Cave theory of the shadows on walls was to
to perceive reality and symbolizing physical world
The shadows where cast by what and where
objects behind them
What philosopher suggest enlightenment
Plato
Enlightenment comes from
turning away from shadows towards the sun representing true knowledge
Who came up with the theory of the cave
plato
If prisoner where to escape and come what would happened
blinded by light be come to understand that shadows were mere reflections of reality
To leave the cave and experience the outside world would undergo
process of enlightenments = understanding true forms of things and nature of reality
what does Plato emphasizes on
importance of self-critical thinking and questioning
Plato epistemology is concerned with
nature of knowledge
Aristotle epistemology contribution is
episteme and techne
what did Aristotle emphasis on
empirical observation and induction
the contemporary approach is
pragmatism
what is pragmatism
elevates theories or beliefs in terms of success on practical application
( eg. shoe )
posterior means ( post = past )
knowledge through experience ( seen )
prior means
knowledge through concepts independent of experience ( maths )
empirical means
posterior
non-empirical means
prior
what are the 5 sources of knowledge
t.r.i.m.p ( perception, introspection ( in the mind ) , memory, reason, testimony )
which one has the mental state and which one has Mandela effect
introspection = Mental state
memory = Mandela effect
perception is
5 senses
introspection is
speaking inside ones mind
mental state = thirsty, tired etc
memory is
fill in the gaps based on memory
reason is said to be
prior
testimony is
based on what someone said
What are the 3 tri-paritie
Belief, truth, justification
what is the gettier problem
can be belief and justification but doesn’t mean its the truth
What is deductive reasoning
general to specific ( French man )
What is inductive reasoning
specific to general ( eggs )
What is problem of inductive reasoning
conclusion is drawn from a set of observation.
pattern is the same in past, doesn’t mean it’s the same in the future
theories of knowledge is ( 3 )
e,r,c ( empiricism, rationalism, constructivism )
empiricism means
knowledge is use of 5 sensory
rationalism means
knowledge is use of reason, logic and prior
constructivism means
knowledge is built by experiences, interactions and mental processes.
Philosophy tree link of epistemology is
epistemology = experience - authority
reason - intuition, active construction
schools thought within epistemology are ( 2 )
r.s ( realism and skepticism )
realism is
one true truth, independently of our perceptions or beliefs
skepticism is
questions certain knowledge
