Epigenetics III Flashcards

1
Q

Non-Coding RNAs

A

do not code for protein
- short vs long (>200nts)

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2
Q

snoRNAs

A

small nucleolar RNA
- post-transcriptional modification *splicing
- encoded in introns

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3
Q

snRNAs

A

small nuclear RNA
- catalyze splicing of pre-mRNA (excise introns)
- associated with snRNPS in Cajal bodies

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4
Q

piRNA and exRNA

A

piwi-interacting RNA
- transposon silencing = stabilize genome

extracellular RNA
- cell communication

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5
Q

miRNA vs siRNA

A

miRNA
- single-stranded + bind to 3’UTR
- target hundreds of mRNA
- regulate genes other than ones that expressed them
- inhibit translation of mRNA
- therapeutic use

siRNA
- double stranded
- knock down specific genes
- regulate same genes that expressed them
- cleave mRNA (silence gene)
- laboratory tool to knock down

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6
Q

Pathway of miRNA and siRNA

A
  • dsRNA or mRNA cleaved by DICER = siRNA/miRNA
  • RISC targets complementary strand + rids passenger
  • AGO recognizes mRNA
    — 1-4 = miRNA
    — 2 = siRNA
  • siRNA = complementary guide-target = mRNA cleave
  • miRNA = non-complementary guide-target = repress translation
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7
Q

Long Non-Coding RNAs

A
  • regulate expression of adjacent protein-coding genes
    gene1 lncRNA gene 2 (prevent expression of 1+2)
  • Barr body = inactivate X chromosome
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