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Epidemiology > Epidemiology midterm 2 > Flashcards

Epidemiology midterm 2 Flashcards

1
Q

In Europe the ticks are the most important means in the transmission of the ASF virus.

A

False

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2
Q

Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus replicates in the gut.

A

True

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3
Q

Asymptomatic pigs can shed the porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus.

A

True

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4
Q

Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faces’

A

True

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5
Q

Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faces.

A

True

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6
Q

Teschen and Talfan disease are caused by different virulence variants of the same virus.

A

True

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7
Q

There is no vaccine available against infectious bursitis virus.

A

False

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8
Q

The infectious bursitis virus can be isolated on CAM.

A

True

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9
Q

The infectious bursitis virus causes anaemia.

A

True

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10
Q

The infectious bursitis virus has more than one virulence variants.

A

True

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11
Q

The avian hepatitis E is zoonotic.

A

False

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12
Q

Noroviruses may be zoonotic.

A

True

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13
Q

In RHD pathology we can see hemorrhages and infarcts in the kidney.

A

True

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14
Q

In case of ASF infection viremia can last for months.

A

True

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15
Q

The hemorrhage in RHD is the result of virus multiplication in the liver.

A

true

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16
Q

FCV infection results in a two-phase fever.

A

True

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17
Q

Virulent systemic feline calicivirus causes more severe symptom in kittens.

A

False

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18
Q

VES can be easily differentiated from FMD by the character of the vesicles.

A

False

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19
Q

VES is more contagious than FMD.

A

False

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20
Q

Vaccination against FMD can prevent the infection.

A

False

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21
Q

FMD infection in young animals leads to myocarditis.

A

True

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22
Q

FMD erosions are characteristic with tattered edge and red base.

A

True

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23
Q

FMD virus is carried in the tonsils, lymphatic tissues and hoof of the infected animal.

A

True

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24
Q

The main reservoirs of FMD virus are cattle and buffalo.

A

True

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25
Q

FMD virus is genetically and serologically uniform.

A

False

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26
Q

FMD virus cannot be isolated in cell culture.

A

False

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27
Q

FMD virus can be transferred by frozen meat.

A

True

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28
Q

In acute ASF the leading pathological lesion is haemorrhage.

A

True

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29
Q

Infection by moderately virulent ASF vinis results in high mortality of sows.

A

True

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30
Q

Swine vesicular disease virus cannot survive in the environment.

A

False

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31
Q

Humans are not susceptible to horse encephalomyelitis togaviruses.

A

False

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32
Q

American horse encephalomyelitis most frequently cause clinical signs is birds, horses and humans.

A

True

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33
Q

The host range of horse encephalomyelitis togaviruses is wide.

A

True

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34
Q

Togaviruses caused encephalomyelitis of horses occurs frequently worldwide.

A

False

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35
Q

Infectious tenosynovitis can be prevented by vaccination.

A

True

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36
Q

Avian orthoreoviruses can cause poult enteritis-mortality syndrome (PEMS).

A

True

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37
Q

Avian orthoreoviruses can cause inapparent infections in poultry.

A

True

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38
Q

Orthoreoviruses can cause encephalitis in cattle.

A

False

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39
Q

African horse sickness can cause lung edema.

A

True

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40
Q

African horse sickness is a notifiable (communicable) disease in Europe.

A

True

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41
Q

African horse sickness can cause encephalitis.

A

False

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42
Q

African horse sickness was transported to Europe by migratory birds.

A

False

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43
Q

Bluetongue vaccines induce serotype-specific immunity.

A

True

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44
Q

Rotaviruses can cause chronic enteritis and persistent infection.

A

False

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45
Q

Rotaviral enteritis of calves can be prevented by immunization of pregnant cows.

A

True

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46
Q

Bluetongue causes transient infection in cattle.

A

False

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47
Q

Swine vesicular disease virus causes viraemia.

A

True

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48
Q

Swine vesicular disease virus can cause vesicles on the snout.

A

True

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49
Q

The mortality of swine vesicular disease is generally above 50%.

A

False

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50
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus has a narrow host range.

A

False

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51
Q

Rodents can maintain encephalomyocarditis infection.

A

True

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52
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus can cause necrosis of the heart muscle.

A

True

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53
Q

Encephalomyocarditis is a zoonosis.

A

True

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54
Q

Trypsin sensitive avian orthoreoviruses can cause respiratory disease.

A

True

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55
Q

Swine rotavirus infection is frequently followed by E. coli secondary infection in

A

True

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56
Q

Avian rotaviruses can cause tenosynovitis

A

False

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57
Q

Avian orthoreoviruses can cause germinative (ovogen) infection.

A

True

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58
Q

Tick-borne encephalomyelitis mainly occurs clinically in humans.

A

True

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59
Q

Nairobi sheep disease is zoonotic.

A

True

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60
Q

Rift Valley fever is zoonotic

A

True

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61
Q

Akabane disease is zoonotic

A

False

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62
Q

Schmallenberg disease is zoonotic

A

False

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63
Q

Classical swine fever usually appears in a milder form in wild boar than in domestic pigs.

A

True

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64
Q

Domestic swine stocks are free of classical swine fever in most of the European countries.

A

True

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65
Q

Classical swine fever can be diagnosed easily by the characteristic symptoms and lesions.

A

False

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66
Q

Classical swine fever virus is rarely complicated by secondary infections.

A

False

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67
Q

Classical swine fever can be eradicated from wild boar populations by oral vaccination.

A

False

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68
Q

Classical swine fever virus can cause immunosuppression in pigs.

A

True

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69
Q

Classical swine fever virus can cause nervous symptoms only in suckling piglets.

A

False

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70
Q

Classical swine fever virus is shed with faces, when boutons appear in the intestines.

A

False

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71
Q

Border disease appears as fetal damage in pregnant ewes.

A

True

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72
Q

Only cattle is susceptible to BVD virus.

A

False

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73
Q

BVD virus can cause severe damage to fetuses in pregnant cows.

A

True

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74
Q

BVD clinically is mostly seen in cattle from 6 to 24 months of age.

A

True

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75
Q

Neurological signs develop only in a small percentage of the diseased animals. (WNF)

A

True

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76
Q

Clinical signs of West Nile fever are most frequently seen in birds, horses and humans.

A

True

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77
Q

The most important maintaining hosts of West Nile fever virus are water birds.

A

True

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78
Q

West-Nile fever practically is restricted to Africa.

A

False

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79
Q

Ruminants are long term carries of tick-borne encephalomyelitis virus.

A

False

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80
Q

Tick-borne encephalomyelitis exists as natural foci infections.

A

True

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81
Q

Tick-borne encephalomyelitis occurs throughout Europe and Asia.

A

True

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82
Q

False Despite being enveloped, the resistance of ASF virus in the environment is high.

A

True

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83
Q

Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus cannot survive in the environment.

A

False

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84
Q

Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus can infect pigs and cattle.

A

False

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85
Q

Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is maintained by rodents.

A

False

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86
Q

Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis is mainly caused by serotype 1 strains.

A

True

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87
Q

By disinfection of the eggshell we can prevent IBDV infection.

A

True

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88
Q

IBDV causes immunosuppression in chicken between 2-8 weeks of age.

A

True

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89
Q

The resistance of infectious bursitis virus is very high.

A

True

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90
Q

The infectious bursitis virus spreads by mosquitoes.

A

False

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91
Q

Hepatitis E virus causes characteristic clinical symptoms in swine.

A

False

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92
Q

Sapoviruses cause gastrointestinal infections in human.

A

True

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93
Q

RHD causes airborne infection.

A

True

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94
Q

Vaccine against RHD is produced in rabbits.

A

True

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95
Q

Feline calicivirus may be shed by urine and feces.

A

True

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96
Q

The moderately virulent ASF virus does not cause fever.

A

False

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97
Q

Infected cats carry feline calicivirus at least for a month.

A

True

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98
Q

We can differentiate VES from FMD by the lack of lameness.

A

False

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99
Q

Vesicular exanthema of swine is sea-mammal origin.

A

True

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100
Q

Comparing to cattle swine show milder vesicular symptoms.

A

True

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101
Q

Vaccinated animals can carry FMD virus.

A

True

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102
Q

FMD virus is shed by semen too.

A

True

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103
Q

Shedding of FMD virus starts 3 days after the infection.

A

False

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104
Q

Hedgehogs are susceptible to FMD.

A

True

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105
Q

Swine shed about 1000-3000% higher FMD virus concentration comparing to ruminants.

A

True

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106
Q

Genotype C of FMD virus is the most frequently detected worldwide.

A

False

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107
Q

FMD virus retains its infectivity for more than a month in manure.

A

True

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108
Q

In chronic cases of ASF spleen hyperplasia is a leading pathological lesion.

A

True

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109
Q

In case of infection by highly virulent ASF virus we can see skin necrosis as clinical sign.

A

False

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110
Q

Avian encephalomyelitis is caused by a double stranded DNA virus.

A

False

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111
Q

Vaccines cannot be used to prevent Togaviruses

A

False

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112
Q

Main means of control of American borse encephalomyelitis are mosquito control and vaccines.

A

True

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113
Q

Vectors of American horse encephalomyelitis Togaviruses are mosquitoes.

A

True

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114
Q

American horse encephalomyelitis viruses represent several types and subtypes.

A

True

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115
Q

Avian orthoreo –and rotaviruses can cause runting sunting syndrome in chickens.

A

True

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116
Q

Orthoreoviruses can cause pneumoenteritis in cattle.

A

True

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117
Q

Rotaviruses cause mainly respiratory signs in cattle.

A

False

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118
Q

The subacute form of African bare sickness is causing edema formation and heart failure.

A

True

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119
Q

Horse encephalosis is endemic in Africa.

A

True

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120
Q

African horse sickness is prevented in Africa by combined vaccines.

A

True

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121
Q

African horse sickness is zoonotic.

A

False

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122
Q

African horse sickness is spread by ticks.

A

False

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123
Q

Horse encephalosis appeared several times in Europe between 2006 and 2009.

A

False

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124
Q

Ibaraki disease virus immunizes against bluetongue.

A

False

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125
Q

Bluetongue is also fetopathic.

A

True

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126
Q

Bluetongue infects also horses and dogs.

A

False

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127
Q

Bluetongue is named after the pseudo-melanosis of the tongue.

A

False

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128
Q

Bluetongue is named after the cyanosis of the tongue.

A

True

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129
Q

Bluetongue disease occurs only in Africa.

A

False

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130
Q

Orbiviruses spread by droplet (aerogen) infection.

A

False

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131
Q

Chickens are susceptible to avian encephalomyelitis virus.

A

True

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132
Q

Germinative infection is a way of spreading of avian encephalomyelitis virus.

A

True

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133
Q

Tremor is a common clinical sign of avian encephalomyelitis.

A

True

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134
Q

Per os infection is a common way of infection with duck hepatitis A virus.

A

True

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135
Q

Germinative infection is a common way of infection with duck hepatitis A virus.

A

False

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136
Q

Clinical signs of duck hepatitis can be seen in all age groups.

A

False

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137
Q

Spasmodical paddling is a frequent clinical sign of duck hepatitis.

A

True

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138
Q

Tick-borne encephalomyelitis most frequently is seen clinically in ruminants.

A

False

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139
Q

Nairobi sheep disease can cause hemorrhagic enteritis among sheep.

A

True

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140
Q

Schmallenberg virus was transported to Europe from South-America.

A

False

141
Q

Ticks are reservoirs and vectors of the Schmallenberg virus.

A

False

142
Q

Rift-valley fever caused human epidemics in Africa.

A

True

143
Q

Classical swine fever virus causes lympho-histiocytic encephalitis in carnivores.

A

False

144
Q

Classical swine fever virus causes lympho-histiocytic encephalitis in pigs.

A

True

145
Q

Only DIVA vaccines should be used to prevent classical swine fever in swine stocks.

A

False

146
Q

Classical swine fever virus is immunosuppressive.

A

True

147
Q

Classical swine fever virus can cause immunotolerance in swine.

A

True

148
Q

Classical swine fever virus is inactivated in chilled meat at -20°C.

A

False

149
Q

Classical swine fever virus doesn’t induce neutralizing antibody production.

A

False

150
Q

Acute classical swine fever can cause hemorrhagic pneumonia.

A

True

151
Q

Occasionally tick-borne encephalomyelitis virus can be transmitted to humans via consuming raw milk.

A

True

152
Q

Both attenuated live and inactivated vaccines are used in eradication of BVD.

A

True

153
Q

Bulls can shed BVD virus for long time in semen, without showing any clinical sign.

A

True

154
Q

VD infection of pregnant cows can result in delivery of immunotolerant persistently infected calves.

A

True

155
Q

BVD virus exists in several serotypes.

A

False

156
Q

Humans are not susceptible to West Nile disease virus.

A

False

157
Q

The host range of West Nile virus is very wide.

A

True

158
Q

Vectors of West Nile fever virus are different mosquito species.

A

True

159
Q

West Nile fever occurs worldwide.

A

True

160
Q

For humans inactivated tick-borne encephalomyelitis virus vaccines are also available.

A

True

161
Q

Tick-borne encephalomyelitis occurs seasonally.

A

True

162
Q

Rotaviruses infect only mammalian hosts.

A

False

163
Q

Rift Valley fever may cause high lethality in young ruminants.

A

True

164
Q

Certain European mosquito species are competent vectors of Rift Valley fever virus.

A

True

165
Q

The acute signs of Schmallenberg virus infection in cattle are fever and reduced milk production.

A

True

166
Q

Abortions and fetal malformations are the most typical signs of Akabane disease.

A

True

167
Q

Erysipelas and Porcine circovirus 2 infections may cause clinical signs and pathology lesions similar to Classical Swine Fever.

A

True

168
Q

CSFV can cause central nervous signs only in suckling piglets.

A

False

169
Q

Shedding of CSFV begins 1 to 2 days after the appearance of clinical signs.

A

False

170
Q

CSFV may survive in frozen meat for months.

A

True

171
Q

The Classical Swine Fever may appear in a milder form in wild boar than in domestic swine.

A

True

172
Q

Hemorrhages are the most typical lesions of acute Classical Swine Fever.

A

True

173
Q

CSFV may cause reproductive disorders.

A

True

174
Q

All known strains of the Classical Swine Fever virus are of highly virulence.

A

False

175
Q

Moderately attenuated (“hot”) IBDV vaccines are used for the immunization of young chicken without yolk immunity.

A

False

176
Q

Clinical manifestations of infectious bursal disease are seen mainly in chicken between the age of 3 and 6 weeks.

A

True

177
Q

Avian orthoreoviruses usually cause disease in adult birds.

A

False

178
Q

IBDV serotype 2 is used for immunization of chicken against Infectious Bursal Disease.

A

False

179
Q

The Infectious Bursal Disease virus (IBDV) is very sensitive to detergents.

A

False

180
Q

Avian orthoreoviruses may cause necrotic foci in the visceral organs of birds.

A

True

181
Q

Tenosynovitis is one of the most typical manifestations of Avian orthoreovirus infections.

A

True

182
Q

Germinative infection is the primary way of infection with Duck hepatitis A Virus.

A

False

183
Q

Immunized horses may develop a chronic, febrile form of the African Horse Sickness.

A

True

184
Q

Zebras are more resistant to African Horse Sickness than horses.

A

True

185
Q

Occasionally carnivores may get infected with African Horse Sickness virus.

A

True

186
Q

Epizootic hemorrhagic disease was described only in Australia so far.

A

False

187
Q

Sheep are less sensitive to Bluetongue than swine.

A

False

188
Q

Endothelial damages are the most important causes of the clinical signs of Bluetongue.

A

True

189
Q

Bluetongue virus is typically vectored by ticks.

A

False

190
Q

Bluetongue is present only in tropical areas.

A

False

191
Q

There are no vaccines available against Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease.

A

False

192
Q

Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus usually causes death in 1-3 weeks old rabbits.

A

False

193
Q

Some variants of Feline calicivirus may escape vaccine induced protection.

A

True

194
Q

Cat queens frequently abort in the acute phase of Feline calicivirus infection.

A

False

195
Q

Clinical signs of Duck hepatitis are seen in 1-4 week old ducklings.

A

True

196
Q

The main clinical signs of FMD are: fever, salivation, vesicles and lameness.

A

True

197
Q

O and A type of FMD viruses are most widely distributed.

A

True

198
Q

Pigs shed large amount of FMD virus with their saliva during the acute phase of the disease.

A

True

199
Q

Clinical signs of FMD in sheep are very mild.

A

True

200
Q

FMD virus can cause severe myocarditis in young calves and piglets.

A

True

201
Q

In infected countries inactivated vaccine are also used for prevention of FMDS.

A

True

202
Q

FMD virus can get into Europe most easily from Turkey, Middle East and North-Africa.

A

True

203
Q

Resistance of FMD virus is low, in the environment, they are inactivated within days.

A

False

204
Q

There are no vaccines for the prevention of Duck hepatitis.

A

False

205
Q

Spasmodical paddling is a typical sign of Duck hepatitis.

A

True

206
Q

Reoviruses are sensitive to lipid solvents and detergents.

A

False

207
Q

The agent of Talfan disease is shed lifelong after the infections.

A

False

208
Q

The agent of Talfan disease replicates in the gut.

A

True

209
Q

Pigs and ruminants are susceptible to the agent of Talfan disease.

A

False

210
Q

Talfan disease occurs in Europe, America and Australia.

A

True

211
Q

There is a widespread vaccination in endemic areas to prevent African Swine Fever.

A

False

212
Q

The clinical signs of African Swine Fever are more severe in wild boars than in farmed pigs.

A

False

213
Q

African Swine Fever virus can infect pigs and wild boars.

A

True

214
Q

African Swine Fever virus has a low resistance.

A

False

215
Q

Vaccines provide high level of protection against all IBDV strains.

A

False

216
Q

Fever, diarrhea and anemia are signs of the Infectious Bursal Disease.

A

True

217
Q

IBDV does not cause disease in adult chicken (over 2 months of age).

A

True

218
Q

Very virulent strains of the Infectious Bursal Disease virus (IBDV) may cause

A

True

219
Q

The Bluetongue virus is vectored by midges/gnats.

A

True

220
Q

Avian orthoreoviruses can cause necrotic and inflammatory foci in visceral organs.

A

True

221
Q

Infection of adult birds with Orthoreoviruses usually remains subclinical.

A

True

222
Q

Horses usually develop lethal hemorrhagic enteritis in Orthoreovirus infections.

A

False

223
Q

Orthoreoviruses can cause pneumoenteritis in calves.

A

True

224
Q

Rotaviruses usually cause enteritis in young (1-2 weeks old) animals.

A

True

225
Q

Rotaviruses are shed in the feces in high titers.

A

True

226
Q

Encephalitis is the most frequent sign of the African Horse Sickness.

A

False

227
Q

The natural reservoirs of the African Horse Sickness virus are mainly zebras.

A

True

228
Q

The Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease is present in the USA in deer.

A

True

229
Q

Lameness and abortions are signs of Bluetongue.

A

True

230
Q

Ticks can transmit African Swine Fever virus.

A

True

231
Q

The Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease is present only in Australia.

A

False

232
Q

Virulent strains of the Feline calicivirus can cause systemic disease with mortality.

A

True

233
Q

Oral erosions are signs of Feline calicivirus infection.

A

True

234
Q

Clinical signs of the Vesicular Exanthema of swine can be similar to the Foot and Mouth disease.

A

True

235
Q

About half of the countries of the world are presently infected with FMD.

A

True

236
Q

The resistance of FMD virus is rather low, in the environment it is inactivated within days.

A

False

237
Q

In sheep clinical signs of FMD are very mild.

A

True

238
Q

O and A serotypes of FMD are mostly widespread in the world.

A

True

239
Q

In endemically infected countries vaccines are also used in prevention of FMD.

A

True

240
Q

Swine and wild boars are susceptible to African Swine Fever virus.

A

True

241
Q

FMD virus is highly contagious, spreads rapidly.

A

True

242
Q

In young animal FMD virus frequently causes myocarditis.

A

True

243
Q

For Europe Middle-East, Africa and Asia are the main danger to introduce FMD.

A

True

244
Q

Duck hepatitis A virus can be detected with PCR.

A

True

245
Q

Clinical signs of duck hepatitis can be seen mainly in laying ducks.

A

False

246
Q

Duck hepatitis A virus can cause germinative infection.

A

False

247
Q

Duck hepatitis A virus is shed in the feces.

A

True

248
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease virus can infect humans

A

False

249
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease virus does not cause viraemia, only local lesions can be seen.

A

False

250
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease virus can cause infection per os.

A

True

251
Q

Swine Vesicular Disease virus can infect swine and ruminants.

A

False

252
Q

Attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of African swine fever.

A

False

253
Q

Warthogs can maintain African Swine Fever in endemic areas.

A

True

254
Q

The Eastern Equine Encephalitis is present in Japan and Korea.

A

False

255
Q

Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis is a lesion of Nairobi sheep disease.

A

True

256
Q

Necrotic hepatitis is a lesion of Rift Valley fever.

A

True

257
Q

The Rift Valley fever virus can cause reproductive disorders in cattle and sheep.

A

True

258
Q

The Schmallenberg virus is a zoonotic agent.

A

False

259
Q

Attenuated vaccines are developed for immunization of swine against CSFV.

A

True

260
Q

Contaminated pork meat can play a role in the transmission of CSFV.

A

True

261
Q

The clinical signs of African Swine Fever and Classical Swine Fever are very different.

A

False

262
Q

Skin suffusions and hemorrhages are signs of Classical Swine Fever.

A

True

263
Q

Swine can shed CSFV in the incubation period.

A

True

264
Q

CSFV may damage the lymphatic tissues and blood vessel endothelial cells.

A

True

265
Q

Low virulence strains of CSFV may cause reproductive problems.

A

True

266
Q

The Classical Swine Fever virus (CSFV) is a zoonotic agent.

A

False

267
Q

Mosquitoes are the principal vectors of the Western Equine encephalitis.

A

True

268
Q

The Border Disease is present only in the United Kingdom.

A

False

269
Q

ucosal Disease can develop in cattle persistently infected with BVDV.

A

True

270
Q

In utero infection with non-cytopathic BVDV can cause immunotolerance.

A

True

271
Q

Non-cytopathic strains of the Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus (BVDV) can cause immunosuppression.

A

True

272
Q

The West Nile virus may cause encephalitis in humans and in horses.

A

True

273
Q

The Louping Ill is seen in rabbits in Australia.

A

False

274
Q

The Tick-borne encephalitis virus can be transmitted via consumption of raw milk.

A

True

275
Q

Serological cross reactions frequently occur between related Flaviviruses.

A

True

276
Q

Eastern, Western and Venezuelan Equine encephalitis viruses are zoonotic agents.

A

True

277
Q

No characteristic gross pathology lesions are seen in Equine encephalitis caused by
Togaviruses.

A

True

278
Q

FMD is sporadic in Europe.

A

True

279
Q

Young chicken can be immunized only with inactivated IBDV vaccines.

A

False

280
Q

Pathology lesions of the Infectious Bursal Disease can be similar to the Avian influenza.

A

True

281
Q

Infection of day-old chicken with IBDV may cause permanent immunosuppression.

A

True

282
Q

The Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is very resistant in the environment.

A

True

283
Q

Trypsin sensitive strains of avian orthoreoviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis.

A

True

284
Q

Trypsin resistant strains of Avian orthoreoviruses frequently cause diarrhea.

A

True

285
Q

Rotaviruses are typically transmitted via the fecal-oral route.

A

True

286
Q

Rotaviruses infect only mammals.

A

False

287
Q

The Equine encephalitis virus may cause abortion.

A

True

288
Q

The signs of chronic African Horse Sickness and Equine Infectious Anemia may be similar.

A

True

289
Q

Edemas and hemorrhages are the most frequent lesions in African horse sickness.

A

True

290
Q

The African horse sickness is endemic in Europe and in the USA.

A

False

291
Q

In Europe vaccination of small ruminants against bluetongue is mandatory.

A

False

292
Q

Goats are more resistant to the bluetongue than sheep.

A

True

293
Q

Resistance of FMD virus is high, in the environment it remains infectious for weeks.

A

True

294
Q

Bluetongue outbreaks mainly occur in summer and autumn.

A

True

295
Q

Genetic re-assortments may cause significant antigenic changes in reovirus strains.

A

True

296
Q

Rabbits over 1 month of age become susceptible to the Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus.

A

True

297
Q

Lameness and fever are possible clinical signs of Feline calicivirus infection.

A

True

298
Q

Cats shed the Feline calicivirus for several weeks.

A

True

299
Q

The Vesicular Exanthema of swine virus infects only pigs.

A

False

300
Q

In sheep clinical signs of FMD are very mild, it is not easy to recognize.

A

True

301
Q

In Europe vaccines must not be used for prevention of FMD.

A

True

302
Q

Serological examinations are important in diagnosis of FMD.

A

False

303
Q

The main signs of FMD are: fever, salivation, formation of vesicles and lameness.

A

True

304
Q

Water buffalos are not susceptible for FMD.

A

False

305
Q

FMD virus frequently causes carditis is young animals.

A

True

306
Q

Fomites do not play a role in the transmission of the Classical Swine Fever Virus.

A

False

307
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus can infect humans.

A

True

308
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus can cause per os infection.

A

True

309
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus remains infective in the environment.

A

True

310
Q

Encephalomyocarditis virus can infect only pigs.

A

False

311
Q

There is widespread vaccination using inactivated vaccines to prevent teschovirus encephalomyelitis.

A

False

312
Q

Teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is transmitted by arthropods.

A

False

313
Q

Only pigs are susceptible to teschovirus encephalomyelitis.

A

True

314
Q

Teschen disease occurs all over the world.

A

False

315
Q

Only activated vaccines are used for the prevention of African Swine Fever.

A

False

316
Q

Immunocomplexes are formed in the case of African Swine Fever.

A

True

317
Q

African Swine Fever is a resistant virus.

A

True

318
Q

African Swine Fever does not occur in Europe.

A

False

319
Q

The most frequent sign of the Nairobi sheep disease is encephalitis.

A

False

320
Q

Rift Valley fever virus is a zoonotic agent.

A

True

321
Q

Transplacental infection with CSFV may cause immunotolerance in new-born piglets.

A

True

322
Q

In cattle Schmallenberg virus causes transient febrile disease with reduced milk production.

A

True

323
Q

Rodents are the reservoir hosts of Schmallenberg virus.

A

True

324
Q

Porcine circovirus 2 may cause lesions similar to Classical Swine Fever.

A

True

325
Q

The diagnosis of Classical Swine Fever is based on paired serum investigations.

A

False

326
Q

The large intestine are the earliest lesions in Classical Swine Fever.

A

False

327
Q

Classical Swine Fever is always an acute disease with high mortality in wild boars.

A

False

328
Q

Europe is free from CSFV

A

False

329
Q

Swine shed CSFV only in the terminal phase of the disease.

A

False

330
Q

In Europe only low virulence strains of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) can be found.

A

False

331
Q

Intrauterine BVD virus infection always causes abortion.

A

False

332
Q

The BVD virus cannot be transmitted via artificial insemination.

A

False

333
Q

The BVD virus genotype 2 is less virulent than genotype 1.

A

False

334
Q

Swine is not susceptible to the Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) virus.

A

False

335
Q

Laboratory diagnosis should confirm the aetiology of West Nile encephalitis.

A

True

336
Q

The weather influences the emergence of West Nile Virus outbreaks, through its effect on mosquito propagation dynamics.

A

True

337
Q

Horses are the reservoir hosts of West Nile Virus.

A

False

338
Q

West Nile virus (WNV) is only present in Africa.

A

False

339
Q

The principle vector of the Louping ill virus is Rhipicephalus appendiculatus.

A

False

340
Q

Tick-borne encephalitis in mainly seen in humans.

A

True

341
Q

Tick-borne encephalitis virus can be transmitted with raw goat milk.

A

True

342
Q

Flaviviruses form distinct serotypes, without serological cross-reactions.

A

False

343
Q

Infectious Bursal Disease is a very contagious disease.

A

True

344
Q

In endemic countries vaccines are available against Equine viral encephalomyelitis.

A

True

345
Q

Viral Equine encephalomyelitis is usually diagnosed on the basis of clinical signs.

A

False

346
Q

Ticks are involved in the transmission cycle of EEE.

A

False

347
Q

Wild birds are involved in the transmission cycle of Eastern Equine encephalomyelitis (EEE).

A

True

348
Q

Early IBDV infection damages the humoral immunity.

A

True

349
Q

Pigeons are the most susceptible to IBDV.

A

False

Epidemiology (1 decks)

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