Epidemiology Asthma & COPD Flashcards

1
Q

Definition of asthma?

A

chronic disease characterized by recurrent attacks of breathlessness and wheezing, which vary in severity and frequency from person to
person
يعتبر multifactorial يعني؟ interaction between environmental and genetic influences

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2
Q

How to diagnosis asthma??

A

History & physical
٣ أشياء مهمة دايم بالهستوري cough, wheezing, SOB
لو عنده nocturnal symptoms إذا يصحى بالليل
Patient asymptomatic between attack or normal

What about physical??
Bilateral expiratory wheezing
Exam of upper airway
Localized wheeze, crackles by stethoscope
Consider alternative Dx

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3
Q

What the reverse change of attack period?

A

Either spontaneously orrrrr نحتاج تدخل ادوية
Breathlessness and dyspnea disappears or relieve
Cough ممكن تكون مع بلغم
والبلغم ذا يكون كلير مو مره لزج
والكحة بتخلي التنفس اسهل للمريض

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4
Q

Epidemiology ⭐️🌺⭐️‼️ of asthma

A

1 common non-communicable disease
2 in all ages especially most common in children
3 asthma ذا يعتبر عبء وممكن تموت من بدري ١. ٢ يقلل جودة الحياة
4 public health problem
5 incidence higher كل ماله فرصة حدوثه تزيد

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5
Q

Risk factors of asthma VERY IMPORTANT!

A

ركزت على نقدر نغيرها أو لا ؟؟
Non-Modifiable as family history
Modifiable as infections ( especially viral ).
Allergies
Obesity
Exposure to irritants/allergens (Occupational exposures, smoking & air pollutions).
Airway hyper responsive

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6
Q

هذا مهم جدًا قالت وش Risk factor that increases magnitude of asthma in KSA ??

A

نفس risk factor قبل شوي الفرق
يصير Allergic rhinitis ( 80%) accompanying with eczema داااااايم يجون مع بعض
تلاقون ١٠ أشخاص ٨ منهم مصابين

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7
Q

Management of asthma??

A

1 Avoiding the contact with allergen اوووو يعطونه ذا
بجرعات صغيرة لين الجسم يتعود عليه اسمه
(specific hypo sensitisation)
2 elimination of trigger factors يغير مكان عمله أو بيته ويروح لمكان سياحي إذا كان في مكان الأكسجين فيه قليل مثل الطايف
3 أدوية

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8
Q

The prognosis of asthma??

A

Detection fast ✅ adequate treatment ✅ prognosis favourable ✅

Give corticosteroids in severe persistent and poorly controlled

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9
Q

طيب أنت عالجت مريض الربو وتخاف عليه من ال attacks ?? نعطيه prophylactic preventative treatment

A

تقول لو واحد عنده كلاس رياضة ويحس انه مكتوم قبل الكلامي ذا بربع ساعة نعطيه SABA
short active beta agonist

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10
Q

How to council to prevent asthma ??

A

Asthma education للآباء المجنن
لو نفع كذا أنا سويت كنترول Improving asthma
control & prevention
بالتالي قللت دخوله للمستشفى وعدد زياراته لها 😌

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11
Q

Other concealing of asthma?

A

Avoid ex & in allergies
Don’t smoke & avoid to be close to them
Take seasonal influenza vaccine>reduce infection
Carry inhaler
❌ buy medication without consoling
❌ others prescription as aspirin ??? مهمة وبتجيبها سؤال لأنه راح يزيد ويسوي asthmatic attack من لحظة اخذ الشخص الاسبرين حتى حدوث الاتاك راح يأخذ ساعة
Follow health lifestyle

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12
Q

What’s COPD??

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common,
preventable and treatable disease that is characterized by persistent
respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation that is due to airway
and/or alveolar abnormalities usually caused by significant exposure
to noxious particles or gases

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13
Q

Symptoms of COPD?

A

Dyspnea cough with sputum

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14
Q

Risk factors of COPD ⭐️🌺⭐️⭐️

A

The main risk factor for
COPD is tobacco smoking اهم شيييييء + modifiable
Non modifiable الفامليهستوري

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15
Q

What’s the most factor that influences COBD progression
?

A

Age كل ماكان صغير كل ما ساء تحسنه

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16
Q

COPD epidemiology?

A

Prevalence of COPD is higher in smokers and ex-smokers compared to non-smokers.

17
Q

Prevention of COPD مهم ‼️ وممكن يجي SAQ

A

مهمة التطعيمات ذي تقول ممكن أجيبهم الثنتين في خيار واحد أو وحده منهم (Influenza vaccination) decreases the
incidence of lower respiratory tract
infections.
(Pneumococcal vaccination) decreases lower
respiratory tract infections

لو جاء SAQ وش نكتب؟ بيكون عن rehabilitation
Education
Psychological support
General exercise training