Epidemiology Flashcards
classify sports injuries by timeframe + give examples
ACUTE - sudden onset - trauma - eg ligament rupture, fracture, tear OVERUSE - gradual onset - repetitive microtrauma - tendinopathy, stress fracture
how do you calculate injury rates?
injury incidence = (n injuries x1000)/ (n matches = n players = match duration)
most common injuries in runners
knee (48%)
lower leg
foot
hip
football most common injuries
31% strains
20% sprains
thigh/ankle/knee
intrinsic risk factors for sports injuries
- lack of flexibility
- hypermobility
- poor muscle strength/imbalance
- lack of appropiate fitness
- biomechanics
- nutrition
- fatigue
- hydration
- psychology
- previous injury
- age
- illness
- genetic
Extrinsic risk factors for sports injuries
- type of sport (contact)
- surface
- climate
- footwear
- equipment
- technique
- training methods
What do you look for in a foot biomechanics assessment?
- foot arch
- is the calcaneus everted/inverted
what is overpronation?
combined eversion + dorsiflexion + abduction
What does conditions does overpronation predispose to?
- plantar fasciitis
patellofemoral syndrome - shin pain
- stress fractures
over-supination
combined inversion + plantar flexion + adduction
oversupination predisposes you to which conditions?
platar fasciitis, shin pains, patellofemoral syndrome, stress fractures, inversion ankle sprains
Normal gait cycle
contact
mid-stance
propulsive phase
Female athlete triad
- ED
- low BMD
- oligo/amenorrhoea
Which BMD score should we use for young athletes?
Z score (age matched)
Sports injury risk factors
- Previous injury
- Unfit
- Tired-ill
- Poor propioception
- Hypermobility
- Slippery surface
- New technique
- Overtraining
