Epidemiological Research Introduction Flashcards
Other than diseases, what can epidemiology study?
Other states of events such as obesity, infertility, violence and injuries as some examples.
Give some examples of exposures and risk factors that can be studied in epidemiology
Infectious agents like germs
Individual characteristics like genes, age, smoking and diet
Population level exposures such as climate and air pollution
State the 3 components of epidemiology
Determinants (risk factors, exposures) –> Health related events (Outcomes) —> In populations
1 aim of epidemiology (1)
Understand the causation of disease
1 aim of epidemiology (2)
Explain the local disease patterns within a population
1 aim of epidemiology (3)
Describe the natural history of disease and the effects of treatment
1 aim of epidemiology (4)
Inform disease control and prevention programmes, public health planning and evaluation
What are the 3 observation study designs?
Cross Sectional
Cohort
Case control
What is the 1 experimental study design?
Randomised Control trials
When we come to a conclusion in epidemiology, what are the three things we need to ask ourselves before we proceed?
Are our results due to random error, any form of bias or confounding effects?
Draw the flow diagram which separates the study designs into
- Did the observer assign the exposure
- Random allocation?
- Comparison Group?
- Analytical study/Descriptive study
Found on One Note (epi research Introduction)
What is social epidemiology concerned with?
Understanding health inequalities and how societal inequalities have an adverse impact on health within populations
What is the epidemiological transition described as?
The process by which the balance of a disease within a population changes from communicable to non communicable disease
Give some examples of non communicable diseases
Cardiovascular disease
cancer
diabetes
injuries
