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Sustainability L1 EP APC Residential 2022 > *EP APC Sustainability > Flashcards

*EP APC Sustainability Flashcards

1
Q

What impact can property have on the environment?

A

The built environment accounts for nearly 40% of emissions globally

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2
Q

What is the RICS doing to improve sustainability?

A

Sustainability is a mandatory competency for RICS professionals. Taking action on climate change depends on knowledge and capacity to deliver. We are ensuring skills development for built environment professionals and taking proactive steps to support education, lifelong learning and training on climate action.

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3
Q

Give an example of RICS guidance on sustainability?

A

Guidance note on ‘Sustainability and Commercial Property Valuation’ 2013

RESEARCH!!!

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4
Q

COP26 News

A

Now in its second and final week.

UK Pledges £290m to help poorer nations.

Lithium batteries could help climate change - electric cars, but could be used to power other things.

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5
Q

What is the UK’s global emissions aim?

A

UK government to set in law world’s most ambitious climate change target, cutting emissions by 78% by 2035 compared to 1990 levels

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6
Q

What is an EPC?

A

Energy performance certificates are a rating scheme to summarise the energy efficiency of buildings. The building is given a rating between A - G, the EPC will also include tips the most cost effective ways to improve your homes energy rating.

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7
Q

Are there any exemptions for EPCs?

A

a. Commercial buildings under 50 sqm
b. Listed buildings - requirements would unacceptably alter it
c. Industrial buildings that don’t use much energy
d. Religious buildings
e. Buildings due to be demolished

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8
Q

What is MEES?

A

The Minimum Energy Efficiency Standard (MEES) which came into force in England and Wales on 1 April 2018, applies to private rented residential and non-domestic property and is aimed at encouraging landlords and property owners to improve the energy efficiency of their properties by a restriction on the granting and continuation of existing tenancies where the property has an Energy Performance Certificate Rating of F and G.

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9
Q

When does MEES apply?

A

As of April 2018 all residential and commercial new leases above E

As of April 2020 all new and existing residential leases

As of April 2023 all new and existing commercial leases

The government has proposed new eregulations that EPCs must be at least C in 2027 and B in 2030

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10
Q

Are there any exemptions for MEES?

A
  • High cost exemptions
  • 7-year payback exemptions
  • All improvements made exemptions
  • Wall insulation exemptions
  • Devaluation exemptions
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11
Q

Why are they changing Part L and Part F?

A

Part of the UK government’s plan to become net zero by 2050

Part of the Future Homes Standard 2019 consultation, which is due for full implementation in 2025

Changed will be enacted from June 2022

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12
Q

What are building regs part L?

A

Conservation of Fuel and Power

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13
Q

What are building regs Part F?

A

Ventilation

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14
Q

What are the changes to Part L and F?

A

Part L and F closely linked, as if homes become over heated, then that will make the air uncomfortable to breath. So they go hand in hand.

Part F will need to change to ensure the right level of ventilation is supplied to ensure good indoor air quality and user comfort.

Preferred option is to reduce by 31% by 2022 and then 75-80% by 2025.

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15
Q

What is COP26?

A

Conference of the Parties

This will be the 26th annual summit

UK is working with every nation to reach an agreement on how to tackle climate change

World leaders will go to Glasgow.

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16
Q

How will the changes from COP26 impact the real estate industry?

A

Potentially introduce further measures and legislation to combat issues.

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17
Q

What is the Paris Agreement?

A

Occurred at COP21 in Paris in 2015

Every country agreed to work together to limit global warming to well below 2 degrees and aim for 1.5 degrees above pre-industrial times.

Countries are committed to bring forward national plans setting out how much they would reduce their emissions.

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18
Q

What other standards are there other than MEES and EPC ratings to determine a building sustainability?

A

BREEAM

poss others???

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19
Q

How will net zero carbon objectives affect valuation?

A

Increasing minimum requirements will need to be comminicated to lender along with any potnetial and associated cost and works to reach them.

Directly impact ability to rent if below standard.

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20
Q

What is net carbon?

A

Means reducing greenhouse gas emissions to a level which is on balance with the emissions removed.

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21
Q

How is an EPC calculated?

A

Assessor looks at property and scores a variety of factors based on condition and potential for heat loss

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22
Q

How long is an EPC valid for?

A

10 years

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23
Q

Tell me about some potential changes to the MEES?

A

Minimum threshold of EPC could go to C in 2027, and B in 2030

Can only advertise/let properties compliant with MEES

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24
Q

Tell me about the Climate Change Levy (CCL)?

A

Tax on energy delivered to non-domestic users

Incentive to increase efficiency

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25
Q

What’s ESG?

A

Environmental, Social, and Corporate Governance is an evaluation of a firm’s collective conscientiousness for social and environmental factors. It is typically a score that is compiled from data collected surrounding specific metrics related to intangible assets within the enterprise

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26
Q

What is CRS?

A

Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a self-regulating business model that helps a company be socially accountable

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27
Q

How does sustainability relate to real estate?

A

The built environment is one of the main contributors to GHG emissions.

Huge emphasis on reducing carbon emissions.

But also on creating buildings which provide better health and wellbeing.

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28
Q

What are the EPC requirements for marketing (commissioned, responsibility, particulars, online)?

A
  • Ensure the EPC is commissioned BEFORE marketing. Must be commissioned within 7 days of the commencements of marketing (28-day limit for procurement if after using all reasonable efforts the EPC cannot be obtained within 7 days)
  • Agents are responsible for procuring EPCs
  • Only the actual energy rating is required to be displayed on property and advertisements. Where space allows, the graph should be shown
  • All online marketing material must have a link to the EPC to show the front page of the EPC
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29
Q

What is included on the front page of an EPC (A, FA, C/RRN, TI, E RC, R, B)?

A
  1. Address of property and floor area
  2. EPC certificate and reference number
  3. Technical information on the property’s energy provision
  4. Estimation of energy running costs
  5. An energy performance rating from A+ to G
  6. Benchmarking information
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30
Q

How long is an EPC valid for, and subject to what?

A

10 years unless the building is altered, after which a new EPC would be required

31
Q

Where would you find an EPC?

A

EPC online register holds EPCs available for inspection

32
Q

Where must MEES exemptions be registered/renewed?

A

Exemptions must be pre-registered on the Local Authority Private Rented Sector Exemptions Register and renewed five-yearly

33
Q

What did the government’s consultation on the expansion of MEES find in October last year (preferred/alternative, by what date), and what changes may be made to Part L carbon factor and the Reference Building, and with what consequence?

A
  • Preferred trajectory: minimum EPC rating of B by 1 April 2030
  • Alternative trajectory: minimum EPC rating of C by 1 April 2030

o Anticipated new Part L to use carbon factor for grid electricity significantly below current factor, resulting in improvements for electric heating.
o Potential update to Reference Building that generates EPC rating – change from gas for heating/hot to electricity, resulting in increased difficulty for gas heated buildings to meet minimum standard.

34
Q

Who polices non-compliance with MEES?

A

Local authority

35
Q

What does BREEAM stand for?

A

Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method

36
Q

What is a BREEAM rating, and when commonly required currently?

A

A voluntary environmental assessment tool to rate new and refurbished commercial and residential buildings.
They are commonly being required to support planning applications

37
Q

What are some of the environmental standards that BREEAM assessors have reference to (9, only 5 mentioned, EC, WU, TL, WM, H&W)?

A

Rated by reference to the nine environmental weightings which include:

  • Energy consumption
  • Water use
  • Transport links
  • Waste management
  • Health & wellbeing
38
Q

What are the 6 BREEAM ratings (U, P, G, VG, E, O)?

A
  • Unclassified
  • Pass
  • Good
  • Very good
  • Excellent
  • Outstanding
39
Q

How did the government amend the Climate Change Act 2008 in 2019?

A

Required the UK to achieve “net zero carbon” by 2050

40
Q

What have a number of leading UK property funds and REITs done to commit to achieving net zero carbon by 2050, and who assisted in creation?

A
  • Formed the Better Buildings Partnership (BBP) pledge.
  • Have published various toolkits to provide guidance to owners and occupiers on how to achieve reductions in their energy, water and waste in buildings
41
Q

What is included in the UK Green Building Council (UKGBC) framework to achieve a net zero carbon building (establish what/how, reduce what 2 things, increase what and offset what)?

A
  • Establish Net Zero Carbon Scope – needs to be across the whole life of buildings i.e. carbon emissions associated with construction, use, refurbishment and demolition
  • Reduce Construction Impacts – developers need to focus on changing the material they use as well as building (and their systems’) designs
  • Reduce Operation Energy Use – landlords need to consider how to best retrofit efficiency measures into their buildings and how to work with occupiers to make these work
  • Increase Renewable Energy Supply on-site and offsite
  • Offset any Remaining Carbon – e.g. planting trees. This is the last resort
42
Q

How can the health and wellbeing of building occupants be measured, and what does this standard rate?

A
  • Some developers are using the WELL Building Standard
  • This is a standard for buildings to be rated in respect of spaces that can optimise the health and mental wellbeing of occupiers
43
Q

What is “place making”?

A

Ensuring buildings and their environs contribute positively to occupiers and the community

44
Q

What is the RICS Ska Rating scheme/founded by/measures what/against what 3 ratings?

A

Founded by Skansen as a result of research by the RICS and AECOM.

Measures a building’s fit out sustainability, with a gold, silver or bronze rating awarded

45
Q

What efficient construction solutions are developers using (think renewables, building placement/management)?

A
  • Renewable materials and technologies such as solar, wind, biomass and heat pumps to achieve a low carbon emission solution and a reasonable payback period
  • The building aspect and use of natural daylight to take advantage of solar gain
  • Effective energy management & monitoring systems and increased awareness of other areas of sustainable management relating to waste, water and procurement of good and services
46
Q

What are the 3 pillars of sustainability (S,E,E)?

A

Social – e.g. quality of life, community engagement
Environmental – energy, pollution, emissions, plastics, carbon footprint
Economic – risk management, economic health, making a profit

47
Q

What is the Brundtland report/published when/whom/defined what?

A

Published in 1987 by the UN. Defined the principles of sustainable development.

48
Q

What is the definition of sustainability?

A

“Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.”

49
Q

What are some ways you can make a building more sustainable (existing and new)?

A

Existing buildings; key upgrades including replacing old services with more energy efficient installations such as heating
New; effective insulation, use of natural light, use green and sustainable building materials

50
Q

Under what legislation is an EPC required?

A

The Energy Performance of Buildings (England and Wales) Regulations 2012 under the Energy Act 2011.

51
Q

What are the drivers of sustainability (E, L, E)?

A

Ethical driver – it’s the right thing to do
Legal – there is legislation in place
Economic – affects things like tenant attitude, Market Rent

52
Q

How does placemaking link to sustainability/what are developers focusing on/why/how?

A

Developers are focusing on ensuring that development schemes contribute positively to communities, occupiers and reduce negative environmental impacts. They do this by considering layout, using renewable materials and technologies, make use of solar gain, assessing density, including greater green space.

53
Q

What is the difference between BREEAM and EPCS?

A

The Rating for outstanding efficient buildings. EPCs are produced for all buildings no matter their efficiency
and rather than just a rating they provide advice on the methods/suitability of improvement matters.

54
Q

Which buildings do not have to have an EPC?

A

Buildings which have not transacted will not have produced an EPC.

55
Q

How does the energy efficiency affect the value of a property?

A

It will affect the property firstly in terms of its desirability to a tenant or buyer.

MEES may have resulted in capital deductions included with valuations of EPC F & G rated properties.

56
Q

What are ground source heat pumps?

A

Ground Source Heat Pumps are electronically powered systems which use stored heat from the earth.

57
Q

Example of measures to reduce carbon emissions

A

Planting trees
Carbon capture
Energy efficiency improvements

58
Q

UK aim for net zero

A

By 2050

59
Q

RICS sustainability campaigns

A

RICS Value the Planet Campaign

60
Q

Aim of campaign - RICS Value the Planet Campaign

A

Encourage sustainable practices through encouraging RICS members and firms to support the UNs sustainable development goals

61
Q

Items in EPC recommendation report

A

Install new heating system
Improve lighting
Cavity wall insulation

62
Q

What regulations and codes of practice govern the residential industry’s approach to sustainability?

A

MEES - Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards
EPC - Energy Performance Certificates
NPPF - requires new developments to be planned in ways that can help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions

63
Q

What are the penalties for not disclosing EPC information?

A

Residential - £200 civil fixed penalty .

64
Q

What are the minimum requirements for residential lettings?

A

The Energy Efficiency (Private Rented Property) (England and Wales) Regulations 2015 require a minimum of E from 1st April 2018.

65
Q

What are your local authorities planning guidelines for sustainability?

A

LONDON PLAN

  • Economic development and wealth creation
  • Social development
  • Improvement of the environment
  • Health inequality and promoting Londoners’ health
  • Equality of opportunity, elimination of discrimination and the promotion of good
  • community relations.
66
Q

What does the RICS do to ensure sustainability?

A
  1. Evidence based information - Changing in priorities in investor decision-making: sustainability agenda’ 2018
  2. Best practice statements - e.g. Guidance Note on Sustainability and Commercial Property Valuation.
  3. Certificate - e.g. RICS ‘SKA’ rating system for the fit out of commercial premises.
  4. RICS World Built Environment Forum - Gathers experts from sector and they share ideas on managing urbanisation, population growth and climate change.
67
Q

What part of the Building Regulations reflects energy usage?

A

Part L

68
Q

What does the key provisions for the Energy Performance of Building Regulations?

A
  1. Higher standards of energy conservation for new and residential buildings
  2. Establishing calculation methodology for the energy performance of all buildings
  3. Minimum requirements for the energy performance of all buildings.
  4. Energy certificate for all buildings when leased or sold
  5. Mandatory inspection of boilers and air conditioning systems in buildings
69
Q

What are the non-compliance penalties for residential properties?

A

Policed by Local Authority.
- breach < 3 months £2,000
- breach > 3 month £4,000
Residential landlords are required to spend up to £3,500 on improving energy efficiency at properties where an AST granted on or since 1st April 2019.

70
Q

What is the Climate Change Act 2018?

A

An Act to set a target for the year 2050 for the reduction of targeted greenhouse gas emissions

71
Q

When and why was the Climate Change Act 2018 amended?

A

In 2019 for the UK to achieve ‘net zero carbon’ by 2050.

72
Q

Sustainability in the Red Book

A

VPGA 8

significant market influence and valuations for secured lending

advised to collect and record appropriate and sufficient sustainability data,

for future comparability, even if it does not currently impact on value.​

73
Q

What is RICS Sustainability Report 2021?

A
  • Sought the opinions of over 4,000 professionals on sustainability issues​
  • Results indicate industry is making progress, but not at the rate needed to meet climate obligations.​
  • evidence of an emerging rent and price premium for green buildings, though a relatively small share report value uplifts exceeding 10%.​
  • Need for a global standard on carbon measurement.​

​

74
Q

What is RICS Sustainability Action Agenda?

A

Part of RICS 2020 Futures Report​

RICS is committed to aligning the commercial and public interests in this area and developing practical solutions that enable our profession to help drive positive change.​

RICS Building Carbon database, a free-to-use, publicly available resource for building professionals to benchmark their designs and have access to more detailed comparative data on carbon emissions and ​

Launched a professional statement on whole life carbon assessment for the built environment, which sets out specific mandatory principles and supporting guidance for the assessment of environmental performance of buildings​

Sustainability L1 EP APC Residential 2022 (1 decks)

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