Ep

Question 1

Pa interval?

Answer 1

Earliest activation in sinus node region and region of av node

Question 2

What does a prolonged PA interval indicate?

Answer 2

Delay in intra-atrial conduction(usually do to atrial dx or drugs)

Question 3

Pa interval in ms?

Answer 3

25-55ms

Question 4

What does AH interval duration time measure?

Answer 4

Time taken for cardiac impulse to travel over av node

Question 5

Normal AH interval?

Answer 5

45-150ms

Question 6

Normal PR interval time?

Answer 6

80-140ms

Question 7

What causes conduction in AV node to vary?

Answer 7

Cycle length because of decremental properties

Question 8

Total conduction time over His bundle should be <

Answer 8

<30ms

Question 9

Hv interval is?

Answer 9

Conduction over specialized fibers of purkinje system

Question 10

How is HV measured?

Answer 10

His bundle electrogram to earliest recorded ventricular activation

Question 11

HV interval in ms?

Answer 11

35-55ms

Question 12

QT measured in?

Answer 12

QTc

Question 13

Bazette formula

Answer 13

QTc=QT/ square root RR

Question 14

What is a normal QRS

Answer 14

< or = 100ms

Question 15

Normal QTc for men and women

Answer 15

440ms for men
460ms for women

Question 16

2 test sinus node function tests for bradycardia

Answer 16

SNRT
SACT

Question 17

CSNRT

Answer 17

SNRT-SCL

Question 18

Reasonable values

Answer 18

SNRT<1500ms max CSNRT <550ms and TRT <5s

Question 19

Why causes the av node to decrement?

Answer 19

Slow inward calcium channels

Question 20

What specialized conducting fibers of His-Purkinje system make it less decremental

Answer 20

Fast sodium channels

Question 21

What V extra stim used for?

Answer 21

Determine retrograde conduction, detect accessory pathways, and arrhythmia induction

Question 22

Venoatrial conduction over the node

Answer 22

Either baseline or with Isuprel or atropine

Question 23

What V stim concentric atrial activation

Answer 23

CS activation proximal to distal, HRA at least 30ms after atrial electrogram registered by His bundle catheter

Question 24

Eccentric retrograde atrial or VA conduction that is non-decremental or shows discontinuity may indicate

Answer 24

Accessory path or dual av nodal pathway

Question 25

What rate do you do incremental ventricular pacing

Answer 25

Slightly faster than sinus rate down to VA wcl or minimum cl of 300 ms

Question 26

What is unlikely if VA conduction is completely absent

Answer 26

AV reentry AVNRT

Question 27

Programmed V stim using multiple exrastimuli (short-long-short) may facilitate

Answer 27

BBB reentry

Question 28

How can you differentiate between aflutter and Atach

Answer 28

P wave cycle length on surface ekg

Question 29

Atach cl

Answer 29

250-500ms (120-140 beats/min)

Question 30

Cycle length <220ms and rate >270 beats/min

Answer 30

Aflutter