Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Cardiology Boards > EP > Flashcards

EP Flashcards

1
Q

WPW without symptoms risk stratification

A

Exercise stress test

Procainamide challenge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Long RP interval regular, narrow complex tachycardia

A

Sinus tachycardia

Atrial tachycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Short RP narrow complex tachycardia

A

AVNRT

Accessory pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Typical atrial flutter EKG

A

Negative II, III, aVF

Positive V1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Does reduction dabigatran CKD

A

CrCl 15-30, reduce to 75 mg BID

Not recommended CrCl < 15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Does reduction rivaroxaban CKD

A

CrCl 15-30, reduce to 15 mg daily

Not recommended CrCl < 15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Does reduction apixaban CKD

A

2.5 mg BID if 2/3 factors present

CrCl < 15 / HD, 5 mg BID (2.5 mg BID if age >= 80 or weight <= 60)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Does reduction edoxaban CKD

A

CrCl 15-30, reduce to 30 mg daily

Not recommended CrCl < 15

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

AF AAD if no structural heart disease

A 
Flecainide
Propafenone
Sotalol
Dronaderone
Dofetilide
Amiodarone second line
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

AF AAD if CAD, MI hx

A

Sotalol
Dofetilide
Dronedarone
Amiodarone second line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

AF AAD if LV dysfunction

A

Dofetilide

Amiodarone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Acute AF ablation complications

A

Tamponade
Phrenic nerve palsy
Volume overload
Recurrent arrhythmia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Subacute / Delayed AF ablation complications

A

PV stenosis
Recurrent arrhythmia
Stiff LA syndrome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

AF ablation atrial esophageal fistula features

A 
1-4 weeks after
Fever, chills
Esophageal symptoms
Stroke
GIB
Dx - CT chest contrast
Tx - surgery
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

WCT LBBB morphology

A

Terminal QRS negative V1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

WCT RBBB morphology

A

Terminal QRS positive V1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Features of VT vs SVT with aberrancy

A 
AV dissociation
Capture beats
Fusion beats
Right superior axis
Precordial concordance
Abnormal septal activation
Slow initial slope, fast terminal slope
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Idiopathic VT types

A

Outflow tract, papillary muscle, perivenous areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

RVOT VT EKG

A

LBBB

Inferior axis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Outflow tract tachycardia features

A

Normal structural heart
Rare sudden death
Exercise, hormonal triggers
Suppressed by AVN blockers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Fascicular tachycardia EKG

A

RBBB + left axis / LAFB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Fascicular tachycardia features

A

Young patient, relatively narrow QRS
Reenetry
Verapamil works, adenosine doesn’t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

AADs for scar based VT

A

Class III

Amiodarone, sotalol, dofetilide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

ARVC EKG

A

LBBB morphology
TWI V1-V3
Epsiolon wave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Bundle branch reentry arrhythmia features
NICM / DCM Reenetry VT may look like sinus rhythm Ablation, ICD
26
Brugada type I EKG pattern
Coved STE in at least one of V1-V3
27
Brugada Syndrome
``` Type 1 EKG Type 2 or 3 if they convert to Type 1 Syncope Sudden death Present in >= 1 relative + Genetic test ```
28
Genetic test for Brugada Syndrome
BrS1 | Loss of function in sodium channels
29
Indications for ICD in Brugada
Aborted cardiac arrest Syncope + spontaneous EKG ?asymptomatic / positive EP study
30
Medication for Brugada
Quinidine
31
Triggers for Brugada
Meds Alcohol, marijuana, cocaine Fever
32
Catecholinorgic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT) EKG
Normal rest EKG Bidirectional VT -> VF with exercise Similar to digoxin toxicity
33
Features of CPVT
Exertion induced syncope / SCD No structural heart defect Mimics long QT Normal rest EKG
34
Pathophysiology of CPVT
RyR2 gene, ryanidine receptor | Leaky calcium channels, diastolic Ca overload, arrhythmias
35
Treatment of CPVT
Nadolol + flecainide Left cardiac sympathetic denervation Possibly ICD for aborted cardiac arrest
36
Features of congenital long QT syndrome
Syncope Seizures SCD Suspicion with exertional, auditory, postpartum syncope / seizures
37
Where to measure QT interval
Lead II and V5, not V2/V3 | Measure from where downward slope of t hits baseline
38
QT less than half RR interval =
QTc < 460
39
Measuring QT interval in sinus arrhythmia or AF
Take average of QT and RR intervals
40
Wide QRS adjustment for QTc
Adjusted QTc = QTc - [QRS - 120]
41
Guidelines for abnormal QTc
450 men | 460 women
42
Risk rises with QTc of
500 ms
43
Congenital long QT path
Defective ion channels 17 genes LQT1, LQT2, LQT3 make up majority
44
LQT1
Loss of function in potassium channel Broad based T wave Adrenergic trigger - swimming Tx - BB
45
LQT2
Loss of function in potassium channel Notched T Auditory, postpartum trigger Tx - BB
46
LQT3
Loss of function in sodium channel Normal T after long isoelectric segment Arousal, non-adrenergic trigger Tx - BB
47
LQTS treatment
BB - nadolol or propranolol Denervation therapy ICD Avoid meds
48
ICD indications for LQTS
Aborted cardiac arrest LQT2 women with QTc > 500 QTC > 550 and not LQT1
49
Class I AAD mechanism of action
Block sodium channels Slow conduction Broaden QRS
50
Class Ia AADs
``` Quinidine Procainamide Disopyramide Amiodarone Increase QRS and QT, also block K channels ```
51
Class Ib AADs
Lidocaine Mexiletine Drug of choice in ischemic myocardium Decrease QT, less proarrhythmia
52
Class Ic AADs
Flecainide Propafenone Increase QRS
53
Class III AADs
Dofetilide Sotalol Prolong depolarization, QT
54
Mechanisms of AAD proarrhythmia
Slow conduction - reentry Prolong repolarization - EADs Calcium overload - DADs
55
AADs with proarrhythmia through slowed conduction
Class Ic agents - black box warning for scar | Monomprhic VT
56
AADs with proarrhythmia through prolonged repolarization
Class III agents Polymorphic VT / torsades Pause dependent
57
AADs with proarrhythmia through calcium overload
Digoxin / CPVT Bidirectional VT Not pause dependent
58
Class Ic AADs use dependence
``` Use dependent Greater effect at faster HR Pill in pocket Potential for wide complex SVT QRS widening ```
59
Class III AADs use dependence
Reverse use dependence Slower HR, more effect Maintenance of sinus rhythm QT prolongation
60
Class Ib AADs use dependence
Ischemia
61
Amiodarone use dependence
Rate independence
62
Treatment for polymorphic VT from class III AADs
Increase HR
63
Propafenone / flecainide toxicity
Bradycardia, broad QRS | 7% of population slow CYP 2D6 metabolizers
64
Amiodarone warfarin interaction
Increases INR
65
Amiodarone digoxin interaction
Increased digoxin effect
66
Amiodarone cyclosporine, tacrolimus interaction
Increases levels
67
Class Ic drug monitoring
Rule out ischemia Baseline QRS QRS at 14 days +/- stress test
68
Dofetilide drug monitoring
Baseline electrolytes, EKG for QTc < 440 Telemetry and serial EKGs for 5 doses EKG q3 months
69
Sotalol drug monitoring
Baseline electrolytes, EKG for QTc < 450 Telemetry and serial EKGs for 5 doses Periodic QTc assessment
70
RFs for prosthetic valve thrombosis
AF Previous thromboembolism Hypercoagulability EF < 30%
71
Reflex syncope / neural mediated / neurocardiogenic
Due to reflex that causes vasodilation / bradycardia Hypotension + bradycardia Vasovagal, carotid sinus syndrome
72
Treatment of vasovagal syncope
Counter pressure maneuvers Salt and fluid intake Midodrine, fludrocrotisone, BB, PPM for recurrent
73
Cardioinhibitory response carotid sinus syndrome
3+ sec pause or AV block | PPM, anticholinergics
74
Vasodepressor response carotid sinus syndrome
>50 mm fall in BP | Midodrine, florinef, SSRI
75
PPM 1st letter
Chamber paced
76
PPM 2nd letter
Chamber sensed
77
PPM 3rd letter
Response to sensed event
78
PPM 4th letter
R (sensor driven pacing)
79
ICD for ToF
- LV systolic dysfunction - NSVT - QRS >= 180 ms - Extensive RV scarring - Inducible sustained VT
80
Scar-mediated VT mechanism
Re-entry
81
VT DADs ->
Idiopathic outflow tract VT
82
VT EADs ->
Torsades
83
VT abnormal automaticity ->
Fascicular VT
84
Lamin mutation
conduction system disease / AV block, ventricular arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy

Cardiology Boards (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions