Ep 1 Flashcards
Memories from 911 aren’t probably as accurate as you’d think. This is because why?
50% of the details of that memory change in a year, even though people are convinced they’re 100% right.
Why are memories unreliable, and which parts of the brain contribute to this?
Memories are unreliable because they are reconstructions influenced by emotions, biases, and new information. Memory errors also occur due to misinformation and reconsolidation.
Key Brain regions involved are:
• Hippocampus: Encodes new memories but does not store them long-term. • Prefrontal Cortex: Reconstructs memories, which can introduce errors. • Amygdala: Adds emotional intensity to memories, sometimes distorting them. • Temporal Lobes: Store long-term memories, but retrieval can alter details. • Basal Ganglia: Involved in motor skills and habit formation, handling automatic, procedural memory.
Hippocampus with memory
SHORT TERM MEMORY: Responsible for consolidating new memories, particularly episodic (event-based) memories. It helps encode memories but does not store them permanently. Over time, memories are transferred to other parts of the brain for long-term storage.
Prefrontal Cortex with memory
SHORT TERM MEMORY: Plays a role in working memory and decision-making. It helps with recalling memories and reconstructing them, but this reconstruction process can introduce errors.
Amygdala with memory
LONG TERM MEMORY: Involved in processing emotions, it can affect how memories are encoded. Strong emotions can enhance memory retention but may also distort details.
Temporal Lobes with memory
LONG TERM MEMORY: Involved in the storage of long-term memories. However, as memories are retrieved, they can be altered by new experiences or emotions.
Basal Ganglia with memory
LONG TERM MEMORY: procedural memory—skills and habits. Automatic-repetitive actions that we perform without conscious thought. Habitual learning and motor memory/ the learning of routine behaviors through repetition.
Yanjaa Wintersoul
Grand master of memory. She competed in memory competitions, she was given 10 minutes to memorize 500 numbers ✅ her trick: converts numbers into sounds (personal code)-> pairs sounds to words and images: TBB: tabbouleh, a saggy half naked person covered in tabbouleh: reason why: ANYTHING VISCERAL THE BRAIN WILL REMEMBER BETTER! she also assigns these images to locations she already knows
Who is Henry Morison?
At 27 had brain surgery to treat Epilepsy. Got both sides of the hippocampus removed (in the medial temporal lobe). He had memories of the past: implicit & explicit-semantic is fine but the episodic was affected- making difficulty to form new memory, no future thoughts either.
Implicit memory
is memory for things you do automatically, like habits or skills, without having to think about them.
Explicit memory
Explicit memory refers to memories that require conscious effort to recall, such as facts, events, or personal experiences. It involves two main types:
• Episodic memory: Memory of specific events or experiences (e.g., your last birthday). • Semantic memory: Memory of facts and general knowledge (e.g., knowing the capital of a country).
Semantic memory
Memory of facts and general knowledge (knowing the capital of a country).
Episodic memory
Memory of specific events or experiences (your last birthday).
True or false? Explicit and implicit memory both are types of long term memory
True
What does Fusiform Gyrus do with memory? Location?
-The fusiform gyrus, especially the fusiform face area (FFA), is crucial for recognizing and remembering faces. Also helps encode/ store visual info/objects recognition
-on the underside of the brain’s temporal and occipital lobes
