EOYE Y8 Flashcards
Who was founder of Judaism?
Abraham
Why did Abraham leave Ur?
He believed that there was one true god and that god had told him to leave Ur to find new land with his wife Sarah.
What was the covenant?
A promise that god made to Abraham that:
- showed him land
- took care of him
- promised him a big family
Where did Abraham and Sarah settle for 5yrs?
Haran, but moved to Canaan (promised land) but still had no son.
Who did Abraham first have a child with?
Hagar, their handmaiden, as Sarah thought that she was too old to bear their child
What was Canaan?
The promised land
What was Hagar + Abraham’s child’s name? Why did nothing happen?
Ishmael. This wasn’t part of the covenant as the child had to be born from Sarah.
Why was Isaac’s birth miraculous?
Sarah was very old, but was still able to bear him. The covenant was filled.
Where in the Torah is Isaac’s sacrifice mentioned?
Genesis 22:1-13
Why was the covenant renewed for Abraham?
When god told him to sacrifice Isaac, his only child, he goes to Moriah to do it, obeying god completely. This was a test of Abraham’s trust in god, and he is told he will have great descendants.
How long did it take to get to Moriah from Canaan?
3 days
Why is Isaac confused when they get to the gardens for the sacrifice?
He didn’t know that he was going to be sacrificed, and was confused as he didn’t see the animal for the sacrifice.
What happens moments before Isaac is sacrificed?
The angel of god shouts from the sky and tells him to stop, and a ram appears to be sacrificed instead.
What is the Hebrew name for circumcision?
Brit Milah
What is circumcision?
The removal of the foreskin, the first Jewish rite of passage for boys.
When must circumcision be carried out?
When the boy is 8 days old.
What does god tell Abraham about circumcision?
He told Abraham that he must be circumcised, all men among him, all his male descendants and all boys of 8 days must be circumcised, as a physical, outward sign of the eternal covenant between Abraham, God, and in turn, the Jewish ppl.
Mohel
A very religious member of the congregation who has dedicated their life to circumcision who carries out the circumcision.
Sandek
A respected member of the congregation such as the grandfather who will hold the baby on their lap during the circumcision.
Kvatters
A married couple chosen by the parents who carry the baby to the circumcision
What happens in the ceremony of circumcision?
The Lady kvatter carries the baby on a cushion to where the men are and gives him to the male kvatter. The male kvatter places him on the chair of Elijah for a moment and then hands him to the sandek’s lap and baby is circumcised by Mohel. The baby is blessed and named the name that has been chosen by his parents. Then the baby is returned to his parents.
Why is the baby placed on the chair of Elijah?
Jews believe that Elijah is present at all circumcisions and watches over them.
When is Moses Mentioned in the Torah?
Exodus 1:1 - 4:17
What happened in the early life of Moses?
Moses was born when the Israelites were slaves of the Egyptians. His mother placed him in a basket and put him down the Nile, and then he was found by an Egyptian princess, who raises him like her son as an Egyptian prince in secret from pharoah. Moses never forgot that he was an Israelite by origin.
What happens in the early adult life of Moses?
Moses discovers an Israelite slave has beaten to death by an Egyptian and kills the Egyptian. Knowing he’s in trouble, he runs away to the desert. He talks to god through a burning bush and he tells him to go back to Egypt and tell the pharaoh to free the slaves.
What is the scientific reasoning behind the Nile turning to blood?
Red fungi at the bottom of the Nile burst and set out toxic red spores so the Nile turns red and all the fish die.
Why was the Nile turned red?
God told Moses and Aaron to warn pharoah that the Nile would go red and all the fish in it would die if he didn’t free the slaves, but he refused and the Nile went red.
What was the scientific reasoning behind frogs being everywhere?
The frogs jumped out of the Nile to escape the poisonous water in the Nile.
Why did Moses make frogs go everywhere?
God told Moses to warn the the Pharaoh that if he didn’t free the slaves, he cover the land with frogs. He didn’t listen, and Aaron raised his stick and frogs covered land. God told Moses that if he prayed, the frogs would go away, and they all died.
What is the scientific reasoning behind gnats being everywhere?
The gnats followed the frogs in escaping the poisonous water of the nile.
Why did Moses make gnats fill the land?
God commanded Aaron to turn all the dust in Egypt to gnats if the Pharaoh didn’t free the slaves.
What is the scientific reasoning behind flies everywhere?
The frogs died and the flies were attracted to the dead bodies.
Why did god make flies go everywhere?
Pharaoh refused to let the slaves go, so the land was covered with flies, except in goshen, where the Israelites lived.
What is the scientific reasoning behind the disease of the animals?
Animals may have died because they were bitten by the flies who carried the poison from the frogs. They also could have drank the poisonous water of the Nile.
Why did god create the disease of the animals?
God commanded Moses to warn the pharaoh that if he didn’t free the slaves, all the animals would die except those of the Israelites.
What is the scientific reasoning behind boils on everyone?
Humans were immune to the disease of the animals, but the flies bit them and they came out in boils.
Why did god create boils?
God commanded Aaron and Moses to take a handful of ash from the fire pit and throw it up into the air and everyone would come out in boils.
What is the scientific reasoning behind hail?
A hail storm conveniently came just as Aaron lifted the stick up, but didn’t go to Goshen as some hail storms actually work like this.
Why did god make hail?
Moses told the pharaoh that god was mad at him as he hadn’t suffered from the previous plagues and was going to punish him. He told the pharaoh to protect his animals. Hail came everywhere but goshen.
What is the scientific reasoning behind locusts everywhere?
There are studies showing that locusts do actually follow hail storms in hot countries.
Why did god make locusts go everywhere?
Moses asked if he could take the Israelites, but when the pharaoh refused, he raised his stick and a swarm of locusts arrived and ate all the vegetation of Egypt.
What is the scientific reasoning behind darkness for 3 days?
Could have been a solar eclipse, or the locusts blocked the sun for 3 days.
Why did god make darkness for 3 days?
God commanded Moses to lift up his hand and allow darkness to descend onto the land if the pharaoh didn’t free the slaves.
What is the scientific reasoning behind the the death of the first born?
The first born was very important at that time and was often fed a lot to eat. The children may have been fed the infected meat of the diseased animals.
Why did god kill all the Egyptian firstborns?
Moses warned the pharaoh that all the firstborns would die if the slaves weren’t freed. All the doors of Israelite families were painted so that their boys were safe. All the Egyptian firstborns died.
How did Moses part the Red Sea?
When the pharaoh released the slaves, the slaves left in such a hurry that their bread didn’t have time to rise. Soon, the pharaoh changed his mind and sent an army after the slaves. When Moses + slaves got to the Red Sea, Moses lifted his stick and the sea parted. Once the Israelites were past the sea, Moses dropped his stick and the sea fell on the Egyptians
What is the Hebrew name for Passover?
Pesach
What does pesach celebrate?
Jewish holiday that celebrates the Israelites escape from slavery in Egypt
On what date does pesach occur?
14 Nisan
What can’t Jews have during pesach?
Chametz, the rising agent in food
What’s the symbolism of chametz?
- makes food rise/ puff up
- sort of like how we puff up with pride
- they get rid of it during pesach to show that they are completely reliant on god
How do Jews prepare for pesach?
- house is cleaned thoroughly
- special crockery + cutlery are brought out
- Chametz is searched for with a feather + candle, called the bedikat chametz
- food that is brought into the house must have hescher label kosher for pesach
What is bedikat chametz?
The search for cheated with a feather + candle
What meal is had during pesach?
Seder meal, where each part of the meal represents something
What does charoset symbolise?
- a paste of dry fruit + spices
- represents the cement the slaves used to build the pyramids
What do the 4 cups of wine represent?
- wine represents the blood of the Jews
- 4 cups = 4 promises that god made to slaves in genesis
What were the four promises that god made to the Israelites?
- I will bring you out
- I will free you
- I will redeem you
- I will take you as my own people
What does the mitzvah bread represent?
- represents that when the slaves were freed by pharaoh, they left so fast the bread didn’t even have time to rise
What do the bitter herbs represent?
Bitterness of slavery
What does the parsley represent?
Represents the fresh food god provided in the wilderness.
What does the lamb bone represent?
- normally the neck bone of a lamb or chicken
- reminds them of the offerings made in the ancient temples
- symbolises new life
What does the roasted egg represent?
- food at temple sacrifices
- symbolises new life