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Nutrition version 2 > EOS 2019 things to learn > Flashcards

EOS 2019 things to learn Flashcards

1
Q

birds calcium during breeding season

A

raised by 2-4%

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2
Q

Hair analysis is useful for?

A

heavy metals and drug testing

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3
Q

what is urine sampling used for

A

diagnosing excess/deficiencies of minerals

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4
Q

big head

A

low blood calcium from too much P

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5
Q

Energy units for horses

A

DE (digestible energy)

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6
Q

what causes typing up in horse?

A

excess energy

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7
Q

horse work energy increases

A

light 25%
medium 50%
Heavy 100%

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8
Q

what is not destroyed by heat in protein meals

A

Biotoxins = myotoxins

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9
Q

As horses excursive their need for energy and protein increase, the BEST way to meet this need is to

A

include a higher quality protein in their diet

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10
Q

foregut fermenter which diet is best?

A

Highly fibrous plant material and some starch and protein

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11
Q

which of the following dietary changes would most likely reduce milk fat % in a lactating cow

A

excessive proportion of starch and fat in the DM

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12
Q

Non-fibre carbohydrates component in a dary cow PMR diet can most easily be increased by mixing in

A

more distillers or brewer grain

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13
Q

Ruminal acidosis in lactating dairy cattle is most likely caused by

A

an increase in lactic acid producing bacteria compared to fibre degrading bacteria

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14
Q
A

remember that NDF Max = 1.2%

650 x 0.012 = 7.8

7.8/55 = 14.18kg

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15
Q

weaning beef calves

A

modify date of weaning each year to achieve a trade-off between optimising the body condition fo the dam at next mating and optimising calf live weight before weaning

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16
Q

explained early weaning beef

A

Drenching and vax and moving to worm free pasture is too much management

150kg, is very large, usually weaned at 100kg

correct = doing bare minimum of giving extra supplements, compared to if it were older

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17
Q

when is pasture providing the best growth rate

A

when its growing rapidly

Not

  • flowering and seeding
  • maximum DM content - as the energy is less accessible
  • reaching maximal DM content per Ha
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18
Q

Nutritional management of options for beef

A

Being flexible with time of weaning according to the length of the pasture growth season

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19
Q

Dairy efficiency management

A

Supplementation

culling cows

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20
Q
A

always look at metabolised energy first

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21
Q

Compensatory growth is most likely to occur in growing steers grazing

A

High quality pasture after several months of feed restriction through the dry season

  • as the weight goes up and down but overall up
  • if constant supplementation = just mostly maintaining very little going up
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22
Q

LARGEST component of pig and poultry diets

A

Grain

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23
Q

Lucerne hay

A

Ca and protein

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24
Q

Soybean

A

high protein

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25
Q

what’s the issue with grain

A

it is a NSP (constructed polypeptide) = so it is not as accessible

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26
Q

limestone

A

calcium

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27
Q

Explain chicken FCR and FCE

A

FCR – > feed/A weight = whole number = lower the better

Efficiency –> A weight/Feed = decimal = higher the better

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28
Q

phase feeding in pigs

A

The use of a series of diets to match the nutrient requirements of a pig as it progresses in age

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29
Q

Non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs)

A

Wheat, rye and grain legumes

30
Q

corn or maize

A

energy

31
Q

soybean

A

protein

32
Q

Sorghum

A

energy

33
Q

vitamin A

A

eyes

34
Q

Vitamin D

A

bones ricketts

35
Q

Vitamin E

A

with selenium = muscle issues

36
Q

Vitamin K

A

Colagulation

37
Q
A

polutry food:water = 1:2

pigs 1:2.5/3.5

38
Q

Laying hens, which statement most correctly describes the relationship between temperature and dietary energy requirements?

A

Hens decrease their feed intake as temperature increase and protein level should be increased

39
Q

monensin

A

antibiotic

40
Q

kernels discoloured and appear lighter in weight than normal

A

mycotoxin

41
Q

feeding regime for a breeding beef cow in northern Australia winter (dry season)

A

tropical grass = northern
constant access to molasses/urea lick

dry= phosphorus
wet = nitrogen
42
Q
A
43
Q

weight control and growing to a prescribed growth cure in broiler breeder is used for?

A

increased egg production
decrease the coefficient of variation
reduce fatty liver syndrome

44
Q

Chicken feed by age

A

young chickens = crumble

over 2 weeks = grower + finisher = pellet

45
Q

vitamin definiton

A

components of metabolism

46
Q
A
47
Q
A

Dry lick containing 25% urea

48
Q

wheat grain

A

chicken energy

49
Q

lucerne hay

A

richest source of calcium for ruminants

50
Q

urea

A

protein

51
Q

molasses

A

energy + sulfur, appetite stimulator

52
Q

in cold and humid condition pigs

A

increase intake

53
Q

Biological value low

A

imbalance in amino acid profile

54
Q

depresses Vit B12 production

A

colbolt

55
Q

Causes white muscle disease

A

selenium

56
Q

affects gluthione peroxidase

A

vit E

57
Q

Depresses vitamin D3 production

A

rickets

58
Q

in an energy balance diet the efficiency conversion of MP into wool in a sheep is low computed to that for growth or lactation because

A

the proteins retained in growth and lactation have a closer amino acid profile or balance to microbial crude protein than the proteins retained ni wool

59
Q

metabolised energy definiton

A

DM intake and digestibility

60
Q

EXPLAIN THE GRAPH

A
61
Q

beef vs dairy in starch

A

more stach = more energy = lactating

62
Q

beef vs dairy which has the higher concentration of NDF

A

beef lower

63
Q

when are grazing cattle most likely to respond to phosphorus (P) supplements

A

when pasture is abundant , with adequate available energy and protein by deficient P

because = energy needs to balanced first

64
Q

the most common supplementations of beef cattle

A 
Urea = nitrogen = dry = maintain weight
Phosphorus = wet = supplement  but ME and MP first
65
Q

cotton seed meal compared to grain

A

amino acids from cotton seed

66
Q

most common trace elements deficiencies in Australia soils and therefore pastures

A

Copper, cobalt and selenium

- phosphorus = not trace

67
Q
A
68
Q

explain milk fever

A

look in the lectures

69
Q

frothy bloat causes

A

excessive intake of soul protein for example immature lucerne pastures

70
Q

high intake of immature forage sorghum increases risk of

A

nitrate positing

71
Q

NDF maximin for dairy cattle

A

NDF = 20-25%

72
Q

maintaining beef prior to selling

A

Nutrition version 2 (18 decks)

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