Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Internal Med Rotation > EOR pharm exam part 1 > Flashcards

EOR pharm exam part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

MOA of statins

A

Inhibit HMG-CoA reductase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Effects on lipid profile of statins

A

Decrease LDL by 25-62%
Moderate reduction in TG
Minor increase in HDL

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

`Most common SEs of statins

A 
Constipation
Abdominal pain
Diarrhea
Dyspepsia
Nausea
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Other SEs of statins

A

Myopathy including rhabdomyolysis
Increased BG/HbA1c
Cognitive impairment
Pregnancy category X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Monitoring of statins

A 
LFTs
-Baseline for all pts
-Fu only if clinically indicated
Creatinine Kinase
-Baseline in those at risk for myopathy
-Fu if clinical signs or sx of myopathy
-Assess for sx of myopathy 6-12 after drug initiation and at each visit thereafter
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Dose ranges of atorvastatin

A

10-80 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Dose ranges of fluvastatin

A

20-80 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Special considerations of atorvastatin

A

Preferred in renal impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Special considerations of fluvastatin

A

Preferred in renal impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Dose ranges of lovastatin

A

20-80 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Special considerations of lovastatin

A

Increased absorption with food

Adjust starting doses if severe renal impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Dose ranges of pitavastatin

A

1-4 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Special considerations of pitavastatin

A

Decreased absorption with food

Adjust starting dose if severe renal impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Dose ranges of pravastatin

A

10-40 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Special considerations of pravastatin

A

Decreased absorption with food
Adjust starting doses if severe renal impairment
Hydrophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Dose ranges of rosuvastatin

A

10-40 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Special considerations of rosuvastatin

A

Adjust starting doses if severe renal impairment

Hydrophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Dose ranges of simvastatin

A

10-40 mg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Special considerations of simvastatin

A

Adjust starting doses if severe renal impairment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What statin should you consider switching your pts to if they experience myopathies?

A

Pravastatin and rosuvastatin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Gemfibrozil and statins

A

Contraindicated with statins but if use necessary, pravastatin is necessary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Grapefruit juice and statins

A

Moderate amount of grapefruit juice is ok

<8 oz grapefruit juice daily OR 1/2 grapefruit is ok

23
Q

What drugs are contraindicated with simvastatin?

A 
Itraconazole
Ketoconazole
Posaconazole
Erythromycin
Clarithromycin
Tesithromycin
HIV protease inhibitors
Nefazodone
Gemfibrozil
Cyclosporine
Danazol
24
Q

What should be done for statin intolerance?

A

Change to another statin, preferably pravastatin
Alternate day dosing
-Give 2x the daily dose but administer every other day
-No daily doses >40 mg daily have been tested

25
Q

Equivalent doses to 40 mg fluvastatin

A

20 mg lovastatin
20 mg pravastatin
10 mg simvastatin
1 mg pitavastatin

26
Q

Equivalent doses to 80 mg fluvastatin

A 
40-80 mg lovastatin
40 mg pravastatin
20 mg simvastatin
2 mg pitavastatin
10 mg atorvastatin
27
Q

Equivalent doses to 80 mg lovastatin

A 
80 mg pravastatin
40 mg simvastatin
4 mg pitavastatin
20 mg atorvastatin
5 mg rosuvastatin
28
Q

Equivalent doses to 40 mg atorvastatin

A

10 mg rosuvastatin

29
Q

Equivalent doses to 80 mg atorvastatin

A

20 mg rosuvastatin

30
Q

What are examples of ACE inhibitors?

A

Benazepril
Linsinopril
Enalapril

31
Q

Common SEs of ACE inhibitors

A

Hyperkalemia
Dry cough
Decrease in GFR upon initiation

32
Q

What is a rare but serious SE of ACE inhibitors?

A

Angioedema

33
Q

Pregnancy category of ACE-Is

A

X

34
Q

MOA of ACE-Is

A

Prevent conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II

35
Q

Monitoring for ACE-Is

A

Bring pt back in one week to see change in renal function
Ser creatinine, BUN, GFR
Serum creatinine increasing by 30% is indicative of renal artery stenosis

36
Q

What do H2 receptor antagonists treat?

A

Mild to moderate GERD

For symptomatic relief of mild GERD, low-dose, non-prescription or standard doses given BID may be beneficial

37
Q

Most common SEs of H2 receptor antagonists

A 
HA
Somnolence
Fatigue
Dizziness
Constipation
Diarrhea
Can develop tolerance with prolonged therapy
38
Q

Special considerations for cimetidine (Tagamet)

A

Has the most drug interactions

Avoid with Plavix

39
Q

Non-Rx dose of cimetidine

A

200 mg BID

40
Q

Rx dose of cimetidine

A

400 mg BID

41
Q

Non-Rx dose for famotidine (Pepcid)

A

10 mg BID

42
Q

Rx dose for famotidine

A

20 mg BID

43
Q

Non-rx dose for nizatidine

A

75 mg BID

44
Q

Rx dose of nizatidine

A

150 mg BID

45
Q

Non-Rx dose of ranitidine

A

75 mg BID

46
Q

Rx dose of ranitidine

A

150 mg BID

47
Q

Special considerations for ranitidine

A

Less drug-drug interactions than cimetidine (Tagamet)

48
Q

Use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)

A

Moderate to severe GERD

49
Q

SEs of PPIs

A 
HA
Dizziness
Somnolence
Diarrhea
Constipation
Nause
Vit B12 deficiency
C. difficile
Fx (long-term usage)
50
Q

Drug interactions with PPIs

A

Include:
Ketoconazole
Itraconazole
Reyataz

51
Q

How much of a trial should PPIs be given?

A

8 wks
Then, stop and see if sx have resolved
Use an H2 blocker PRN if sx are mild, continue PPI if sx are still severe

52
Q

Which PPI is preferred with clopidogrel?

A

pantoprazole (Protonix)

53
Q

Special considerations for lansoprazole

A

Packet for oral suspension should not be placed through a nasogastric tube

Internal Med Rotation (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions