Eon Era Period Epoch And Evolution Of Life Flashcards
1
Q
4.5 to 3.85 Ga
A
Hadean eon
2
Q
13.7 Ga (significant geologic events)
A
Big bang theory
3
Q
4.54 GA (Significant geologic events)
A
Formation of Earth
4
Q
4.50 GA (significant geologic events)
A
Formation of moon: the theia hypothesis of great/large impact hypothesis: collision of Mars size asteroid with molten earth
5
Q
4.4 GA (significant geologic events)
A
Age of zircon in Jack hills w. Australia (metaseds) oldest material found Fe quartzite, meta conglomerate
6
Q
4.4 GA (evolution of life)
A
Formation of carbonate minerals starts depleting atmospheric carbon dioxide
7
Q
4.4 GA (significant geologic events)
A
Late heavy bombardment of carbonaceous chondrite
8
Q
4.03 (significant geologic events)
A
Acasta gneiss in great slave lake/ slave province Canada, tonalite gneiss-oldest exposed and intact crustal fragment
9
Q
Eoarchean
A
3.85 to 3. 6 Ga
10
Q
Formation of first BIF (Algoma type deposit)
A
Eoarchean 3.85 to 3.6 Ga
11
Q
Submarine volcano BIF
A
Algoma type
12
Q
Evolution of life: Greenland stromatolite:Chem evidence of life in Greenland
A
Eoarchean 3.85-3.6 GA
13
Q
Formation of first theorized supercontinent:Vaalbara
A
Eoarchean 3.85-3.6 GA
14
Q
Vaalbara is consist of &
A
Kaapval craton and pilbara
15
Q
Completion of vaalbara
A
3.1 Ga
16
Q
Paleoarchean
A
3.6 to 3.2 Ga
17
Q
Archean stromatolites in hamellin pool, sharks bay, w. Australia
A
Paleoarchean 3.6 to 3.2 Ga
18
Q
Mesoarchean
A
3.2 to 2.8
19
Q
Appearance of acritarchs
A
Mesoarchean
20
Q
Non soluble to acid
A
Acritarchs
21
Q
Formation of 2nd supercontinent Ur (2.6 GA)
A
Mesoarchean 3.2 to 2. 8 GA
22
Q
Formation of kenorland / kenoran-algoman orogeny
A
Neoarchean (2.8 to 2.5 GA)
23
Q
Break up of vaalbara
A
Neoarchean (2.8-2.5 GA)
24
Q
Proterozoic
A
2.5ga to 541 ma
25
2.5 to 1.6 ga
Paleo proterozoic
26
Mesoproterozoic
1.6 to 1.0 ga
27
Neoproterozoic
1.0 to 542 ma
28
Formation of kenorland (kenoran Algoma orogeny)
Neoarchean (2.8-2.5ga)
29
Start of fragmentation of kenorland
Paleo proterozoic 2.5-1.6ga
30
Stops the deposition of Algoma type due to onset of huronian glaciation
Paleo proterozoic
31
Largest impact crater
Vredefort crater
32
Occurrence of vredefort crater
Paleo proterozoic
33
3rd oldest crater occurred during paleo proterozoic
Sudbury crater
34
2nd largest impact crater at ontario Canada
Sudbury crater
35
Formation of Columbia or Nina or Hudson land (hudsonian orogeny)
Paleo proterozoic (2.5 to 1.6 ga
36
GOE date
Paleo proterozoic
37
Cause of 1st glaciation up to 300 ma
Great oxygenation event
38
Glaciation caused by GOE
Huronian glaciation
39
Caused 1st mass extinction in Earth that killed cyanobacteria
GOE
40
Start of fragmentation of columbia
Mesoproterozoic
41
Final episode for rodinia assemblage (mesoproterozoic)
Grenville orogeny
42
Formation of rodinia and ocean miravia
Mesoproterozoic
43
Appearance of bangiomorpha
Mesoproterozoic
44
First eukaryote (red algae, 1st know to sexualky reproduce)
Mesoproterozoic
45
Formation where grypania is found
Negaunee formation
46
Cryogenian ice age or varagian glaciation (snowball earth)
Neoproterozoic 1.0-542ma
47
Fragmentation of rodinia
Neoproterozoic
48
A collective name for fossils such as jellyfish, seapens, segmented worms phylum arthropods
Ediacaran fauna /avalon explosion
49
Formation of panotia super cook, vendian or greater gondwana or pan African
Neoproterozoic
50
Fragmentation of panotia caused opening of iapetus ocean. T or f
T
51
Iapetus ocean disappeared due to Taconic, Acadian, Caledoniaa orogens. T or f
T
52
Age of invertebrates and golden age of trilobites
Cambrian
53
6 cont form the break up of pangaea
Gondwana, laurentia, Baltica, Siberia, kazhakstan, china
54
Laurentia consist of? (4)
N. America, Greenland, Scotland, e. Europe
55
Baltica consist of(4)
N. Germany, Scandinavia, Russia, Poland
56
An exlopsive development of new types of animals
Cambrian explosion
57
First appearance of trilobites, jawless fish, ostracoderms(benthic formas) octopus, clams, snails, mollusks, archeocyathids, first reef builders
Cambrian
58
First appearance of braciopods, grastropods, echinoderms, ostracods, conodonts, algae, graptolites
Cambrian
59
Tooth like fossil
Conodonts
60
Seed shrimp like fossil during cambrian
Ostracods
61
First reef builders
Archeocyathids
62
Sauk transgression: melting of varagian ice
Cambrian
63
Occurrence of ediacaran or avalon explosion
Neoproterozoic
64
Ordovician date range
488-444ma
65
First of three orogenies to affect the Appalachian Mobile Belt due to the subduction of the Iapetus Plate beneath the East margin of Laurentia forming the Appalachian Mountain Belt
Taconic Orogeny
66
Taconic Orogeny date
Ordo
67
First appearance of. Nautiloids - Dominant predators
Ordo
68
Fungi appeared on Land
Ordovician
69
First Non-vascular plants (Moss)
Ordovician
70
Eureotyrids (Sea Scorpions)appeared
Ordovician
71
Named ordovician
Charles lapworth
72
Abundance of Cephalopods
Ordovician
73
Diversification of Acritarchs (organic-walled phytoplanton); primary food source during Paleozoic
Ordovician
74
Range of Ordovician - Silurian Mass Extinction
450 Ma to 440 Ma
75
Ordo-silurian mass extinction aka?
Hirtnanian-Rhuddanian Mass Extinction
76
2nd largest mass extinction
Hirtnanian-Rhuddanian Mass Extinction
77
85% casualty on all marine and land species- 60% of Marine invertebrates died
Hirtnanian-Rhuddanian Mass Extinction
78
Causes: Gondwana move southwards resulting to extensive glaciation and Sea level Fall
Hirtnanian-Rhuddanian Mass Extinction
79
Glaciation between ordo and Silurian
Andean-Saharan Glaciation
80
First Jawed fishes (Acanthodian)
Silurian
81
First vascular plants (Cooksonia)
Silurian
82
First freshwater fish
Silurian
83
First coral reef
Silurian
84
Date range of Silurian
Silurian (444 Ma to 416 Ma)
85
Baltica + Avalonia collided with Laurentia to form Laurasia which close the Northern Iapetus Ocean marked by the Caledonian Orogeny
Silurian
86
2nd to affect the Appalachian
Caledonian
87
Closing of the Southern Iapetus Ocean marked by _3rd to affect the Appalachian Mountain
Acadian Orogeny
88
Age of FishesAge of Orogeny
Devonian (416 Ma to 359
89
Caledonian Orogeny when?
Devonian
90
Cordilleran Antler Orogeny
Devonian
91
Cordilleran Antler Orogeny
Devonian
92
Collision of Siberia and Laurensia forming the Ural Mountanin Belt
Late Devonian - Ellesmere Orogeny
93
3 landmass collision to form laurasia
Baltica avalon laurentia
94
First apperances:. First wingless insects
Devonian
95
First ammonites
Devonian
96
First Amphibian
Devonian
97
First Amphibian
Devonian
98
First sharks
Devonian
99
Oldest known amphibian fossil found in the Upper Devonian old red sandstone of Eastern Greenland and belonging to the genus
Ichthyostega
100
Ichthyostega age
Devonian
101
Diversification of Plants
Devonian
102
Intermediary between the lobe-finned fish like Panderichthys and the earliest tetrapod, Acanthostega) in Ellesmere Island, Canada
Tiktaalik Roseae
103
Late Devonian Mass Extinction aka?
(Frasnian-Famennian)
104
5th largest mass extinction
Frasnian-Famennian
105
Caused the Extinction of cooksonia, tribulate corals, stromatoporoids, ostracoderms, and placoderms
Frasnian-Famennian/late Devonian
106
First appearance of Lycopsids, Conifers, Cycads, First Forest
Carboniferous (359 Ma to 299 Ma)
107
416 Ma to 359 Ma
Devonian
108
Age of Plants
Carboniferous (359 Ma to 299 Ma)
109
Early Carboniferous Gondwana collided with Laurasia
Carbonferous
110
Late Mississippian - oldest known reptile, (Scottland)
Westlothiana
111
Pennsylvanian - Remains of Hylonomus found in Nova Scotia, Canada
Carboniferous
112
finback reptiles evolved from protorothyrids
Pelycosaurs
113
Aage of Pelycosaurs or finback reptiles evolved from protorothyrids
Carboniferous
114
are the major source of the world’s coal
Pennsylvanian Period (Late Carboniferous)
115
Glaciation between carboniferous and permian
Karoo
116
Permian
(299 Ma to 251 Ma)
117
Complete Assembly of Pangea
Permian
118
Marked by Hercynian (Europe) - Alleghenian (Ney York to Albama - Ouachita (Oklahoma) Orogeny
Pangaea assemblage
119
Formation of Panthalassa -Enormous single ocean that surrounded Pangea
Permian
120
Siberian Traps
Permian
121
Aka The "Great Dying"
Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction
122
Largest Mass Extinction
Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction
123
Triassic range
251 to 201.6 ma
124
Age of cycads
Triassic
125
mountain building in western North America- following the Late Devonian Antler orogeny- named by Silberling and Roberts
Sonoma orogeny
126
Pollenation
Triassic
127
Frogs, Turtle, Snakes
Triassic
128
_ Proto-dinosaurs appeared during _
Archosaurs, triassic
129
Mammals (Family of Roden),
Triassic
130
Scheractinian, Plerosuars
Triassic
131
Cocoliths and Dinoflagellates
Triassic
132
Sea Urchins (Arkarua)
Triassic
133
Extinction of Conodonts- No clear cause has been found
Triassic - Jurassic Mass Extinction
134
Jurassic (age range )Age of Dinosaurs
201.6 Ma to 145.5 Ma
135
First pulse of Cordilleran Orogeny (Sierra Nevada) during?
Nevadan Orogeny, jurassic
136
Jurassic Ammonite fossil found?
Mindoro
137
Rifting of India
Jurassic
138
Planktonic Forams
Jurassic
139
First birds (Archaeopteryx, meaning "old wing")3. Flying reptiles (Pterosaurs)
Jurassic
140
Marsupials
Cretaceous
141
Diatoms
Cretaceous
142
Angiosperms
Cretaceous
143
A mountain building event, a linear zone of deformed rock strata in the western United States extending from southeastern California northeastward through southern Nevada and western Utah to western Wyoming.
Server orogeny
144
Ontong Java Plateau- there's a smaller magmatic pulse around 90 Ma
Cretaceous
145
Crocodiles appeared
Creataceous
146
South America breaks away from Africa- Formation of the Atlantic Ocean
Cretaceous
147
- a series of mountain-building events that affected much of western North America in Late Cretaceous and Paleogene time.
Laramide orogeny
148
Extinction of Dinosaurs and ammonites-Possible Cause: Meteorite Impact Evidence: Iridium Layer (KPg Boundary) Chicxulub Crater - (150 km) Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico
Cretaceous - Tertiary (K-t/ K-pg) Mass Extinction
