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Geologic Time Scale > Eon Era Period Epoch And Evolution Of Life > Flashcards

Eon Era Period Epoch And Evolution Of Life Flashcards

1
Q

4.5 to 3.85 Ga

A

Hadean eon

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2
Q

13.7 Ga (significant geologic events)

A

Big bang theory

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3
Q

4.54 GA (Significant geologic events)

A

Formation of Earth

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4
Q

4.50 GA (significant geologic events)

A

Formation of moon: the theia hypothesis of great/large impact hypothesis: collision of Mars size asteroid with molten earth

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5
Q

4.4 GA (significant geologic events)

A

Age of zircon in Jack hills w. Australia (metaseds) oldest material found Fe quartzite, meta conglomerate

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6
Q

4.4 GA (evolution of life)

A

Formation of carbonate minerals starts depleting atmospheric carbon dioxide

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7
Q

4.4 GA (significant geologic events)

A

Late heavy bombardment of carbonaceous chondrite

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8
Q

4.03 (significant geologic events)

A

Acasta gneiss in great slave lake/ slave province Canada, tonalite gneiss-oldest exposed and intact crustal fragment

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9
Q

Eoarchean

A

3.85 to 3. 6 Ga

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10
Q

Formation of first BIF (Algoma type deposit)

A

Eoarchean 3.85 to 3.6 Ga

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11
Q

Submarine volcano BIF

A

Algoma type

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12
Q

Evolution of life: Greenland stromatolite:Chem evidence of life in Greenland

A

Eoarchean 3.85-3.6 GA

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13
Q

Formation of first theorized supercontinent:Vaalbara

A

Eoarchean 3.85-3.6 GA

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14
Q

Vaalbara is consist of &

A

Kaapval craton and pilbara

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15
Q

Completion of vaalbara

A

3.1 Ga

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16
Q

Paleoarchean

A

3.6 to 3.2 Ga

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17
Q

Archean stromatolites in hamellin pool, sharks bay, w. Australia

A

Paleoarchean 3.6 to 3.2 Ga

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18
Q

Mesoarchean

A

3.2 to 2.8

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19
Q

Appearance of acritarchs

A

Mesoarchean

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20
Q

Non soluble to acid

A

Acritarchs

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21
Q

Formation of 2nd supercontinent Ur (2.6 GA)

A

Mesoarchean 3.2 to 2. 8 GA

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22
Q

Formation of kenorland / kenoran-algoman orogeny

A

Neoarchean (2.8 to 2.5 GA)

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23
Q

Break up of vaalbara

A

Neoarchean (2.8-2.5 GA)

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24
Q

Proterozoic

A

2.5ga to 541 ma

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25
Q

2.5 to 1.6 ga

A

Paleo proterozoic

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26
Q

Mesoproterozoic

A

1.6 to 1.0 ga

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27
Q

Neoproterozoic

A

1.0 to 542 ma

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28
Q

Formation of kenorland (kenoran Algoma orogeny)

A

Neoarchean (2.8-2.5ga)

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29
Q

Start of fragmentation of kenorland

A

Paleo proterozoic 2.5-1.6ga

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30
Q

Stops the deposition of Algoma type due to onset of huronian glaciation

A

Paleo proterozoic

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31
Q

Largest impact crater

A

Vredefort crater

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32
Q

Occurrence of vredefort crater

A

Paleo proterozoic

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33
Q

3rd oldest crater occurred during paleo proterozoic

A

Sudbury crater

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34
Q

2nd largest impact crater at ontario Canada

A

Sudbury crater

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35
Q

Formation of Columbia or Nina or Hudson land (hudsonian orogeny)

A

Paleo proterozoic (2.5 to 1.6 ga

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36
Q

GOE date

A

Paleo proterozoic

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37
Q

Cause of 1st glaciation up to 300 ma

A

Great oxygenation event

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38
Q

Glaciation caused by GOE

A

Huronian glaciation

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39
Q

Caused 1st mass extinction in Earth that killed cyanobacteria

A

GOE

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40
Q

Start of fragmentation of columbia

A

Mesoproterozoic

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41
Q

Final episode for rodinia assemblage (mesoproterozoic)

A

Grenville orogeny

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42
Q

Formation of rodinia and ocean miravia

A

Mesoproterozoic

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43
Q

Appearance of bangiomorpha

A

Mesoproterozoic

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44
Q

First eukaryote (red algae, 1st know to sexualky reproduce)

A

Mesoproterozoic

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45
Q

Formation where grypania is found

A

Negaunee formation

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46
Q

Cryogenian ice age or varagian glaciation (snowball earth)

A

Neoproterozoic 1.0-542ma

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47
Q

Fragmentation of rodinia

A

Neoproterozoic

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48
Q

A collective name for fossils such as jellyfish, seapens, segmented worms phylum arthropods

A

Ediacaran fauna /avalon explosion

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49
Q

Formation of panotia super cook, vendian or greater gondwana or pan African

A

Neoproterozoic

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50
Q

Fragmentation of panotia caused opening of iapetus ocean. T or f

A

T

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51
Q

Iapetus ocean disappeared due to Taconic, Acadian, Caledoniaa orogens. T or f

A

T

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52
Q

Age of invertebrates and golden age of trilobites

A

Cambrian

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53
Q

6 cont form the break up of pangaea

A

Gondwana, laurentia, Baltica, Siberia, kazhakstan, china

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54
Q

Laurentia consist of? (4)

A

N. America, Greenland, Scotland, e. Europe

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55
Q

Baltica consist of(4)

A

N. Germany, Scandinavia, Russia, Poland

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56
Q

An exlopsive development of new types of animals

A

Cambrian explosion

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57
Q

First appearance of trilobites, jawless fish, ostracoderms(benthic formas) octopus, clams, snails, mollusks, archeocyathids, first reef builders

A

Cambrian

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58
Q

First appearance of braciopods, grastropods, echinoderms, ostracods, conodonts, algae, graptolites

A

Cambrian

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59
Q

Tooth like fossil

A

Conodonts

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60
Q

Seed shrimp like fossil during cambrian

A

Ostracods

61
Q

First reef builders

A

Archeocyathids

62
Q

Sauk transgression: melting of varagian ice

A

Cambrian

63
Q

Occurrence of ediacaran or avalon explosion

A

Neoproterozoic

64
Q

Ordovician date range

A

488-444ma

65
Q

First of three orogenies to affect the Appalachian Mobile Belt due to the subduction of the Iapetus Plate beneath the East margin of Laurentia forming the Appalachian Mountain Belt

A

Taconic Orogeny

66
Q

Taconic Orogeny date

A

Ordo

67
Q

First appearance of. Nautiloids - Dominant predators

A

Ordo

68
Q

Fungi appeared on Land

A

Ordovician

69
Q

First Non-vascular plants (Moss)

A

Ordovician

70
Q

Eureotyrids (Sea Scorpions)appeared

A

Ordovician

71
Q

Named ordovician

A

Charles lapworth

72
Q

Abundance of Cephalopods

A

Ordovician

73
Q

Diversification of Acritarchs (organic-walled phytoplanton); primary food source during Paleozoic

A

Ordovician

74
Q

Range of Ordovician - Silurian Mass Extinction

A

450 Ma to 440 Ma

75
Q

Ordo-silurian mass extinction aka?

A

Hirtnanian-Rhuddanian Mass Extinction

76
Q

2nd largest mass extinction

A

Hirtnanian-Rhuddanian Mass Extinction

77
Q

85% casualty on all marine and land species- 60% of Marine invertebrates died

A

Hirtnanian-Rhuddanian Mass Extinction

78
Q

Causes: Gondwana move southwards resulting to extensive glaciation and Sea level Fall

A

Hirtnanian-Rhuddanian Mass Extinction

79
Q

Glaciation between ordo and Silurian

A

Andean-Saharan Glaciation

80
Q

First Jawed fishes (Acanthodian)

A

Silurian

81
Q

First vascular plants (Cooksonia)

A

Silurian

82
Q

First freshwater fish

A

Silurian

83
Q

First coral reef

A

Silurian

84
Q

Date range of Silurian

A

Silurian (444 Ma to 416 Ma)

85
Q

Baltica + Avalonia collided with Laurentia to form Laurasia which close the Northern Iapetus Ocean marked by the Caledonian Orogeny

A

Silurian

86
Q

2nd to affect the Appalachian

A

Caledonian

87
Q

Closing of the Southern Iapetus Ocean marked by _3rd to affect the Appalachian Mountain

A

Acadian Orogeny

88
Q

Age of FishesAge of Orogeny

A

Devonian (416 Ma to 359

89
Q

Caledonian Orogeny when?

A

Devonian

90
Q

Cordilleran Antler Orogeny

A

Devonian

91
Q

Cordilleran Antler Orogeny

A

Devonian

92
Q

Collision of Siberia and Laurensia forming the Ural Mountanin Belt

A

Late Devonian - Ellesmere Orogeny

93
Q

3 landmass collision to form laurasia

A

Baltica avalon laurentia

94
Q

First apperances:. First wingless insects

A

Devonian

95
Q

First ammonites

A

Devonian

96
Q

First Amphibian

A

Devonian

97
Q

First Amphibian

A

Devonian

98
Q

First sharks

A

Devonian

99
Q

Oldest known amphibian fossil found in the Upper Devonian old red sandstone of Eastern Greenland and belonging to the genus

A

Ichthyostega

100
Q

Ichthyostega age

A

Devonian

101
Q

Diversification of Plants

A

Devonian

102
Q

Intermediary between the lobe-finned fish like Panderichthys and the earliest tetrapod, Acanthostega) in Ellesmere Island, Canada

A

Tiktaalik Roseae

103
Q

Late Devonian Mass Extinction aka?

A

(Frasnian-Famennian)

104
Q

5th largest mass extinction

A

Frasnian-Famennian

105
Q

Caused the Extinction of cooksonia, tribulate corals, stromatoporoids, ostracoderms, and placoderms

A

Frasnian-Famennian/late Devonian

106
Q

First appearance of Lycopsids, Conifers, Cycads, First Forest

A

Carboniferous (359 Ma to 299 Ma)

107
Q

416 Ma to 359 Ma

A

Devonian

108
Q

Age of Plants

A

Carboniferous (359 Ma to 299 Ma)

109
Q

Early Carboniferous Gondwana collided with Laurasia

A

Carbonferous

110
Q

Late Mississippian - oldest known reptile, (Scottland)

A

Westlothiana

111
Q

Pennsylvanian - Remains of Hylonomus found in Nova Scotia, Canada

A

Carboniferous

112
Q

finback reptiles evolved from protorothyrids

A

Pelycosaurs

113
Q

Aage of Pelycosaurs or finback reptiles evolved from protorothyrids

A

Carboniferous

114
Q

are the major source of the world’s coal

A

Pennsylvanian Period (Late Carboniferous)

115
Q

Glaciation between carboniferous and permian

A

Karoo

116
Q

Permian

A

(299 Ma to 251 Ma)

117
Q

Complete Assembly of Pangea

A

Permian

118
Q

Marked by Hercynian (Europe) - Alleghenian (Ney York to Albama - Ouachita (Oklahoma) Orogeny

A

Pangaea assemblage

119
Q

Formation of Panthalassa -Enormous single ocean that surrounded Pangea

A

Permian

120
Q

Siberian Traps

A

Permian

121
Q

Aka The “Great Dying”

A

Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction

122
Q

Largest Mass Extinction

A

Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction

123
Q

Triassic range

A

251 to 201.6 ma

124
Q

Age of cycads

A

Triassic

125
Q

mountain building in western North America- following the Late Devonian Antler orogeny- named by Silberling and Roberts

A

Sonoma orogeny

126
Q

Pollenation

A

Triassic

127
Q

Frogs, Turtle, Snakes

A

Triassic

128
Q

_ Proto-dinosaurs appeared during _

A

Archosaurs, triassic

129
Q

Mammals (Family of Roden),

A

Triassic

130
Q

Scheractinian, Plerosuars

A

Triassic

131
Q

Cocoliths and Dinoflagellates

A

Triassic

132
Q

Sea Urchins (Arkarua)

A

Triassic

133
Q

Extinction of Conodonts- No clear cause has been found

A

Triassic - Jurassic Mass Extinction

134
Q

Jurassic (age range )Age of Dinosaurs

A

201.6 Ma to 145.5 Ma

135
Q

First pulse of Cordilleran Orogeny (Sierra Nevada) during?

A

Nevadan Orogeny, jurassic

136
Q

Jurassic Ammonite fossil found?

A

Mindoro

137
Q

Rifting of India

A

Jurassic

138
Q

Planktonic Forams

A

Jurassic

139
Q

First birds (Archaeopteryx, meaning “old wing”)3. Flying reptiles (Pterosaurs)

A

Jurassic

140
Q

Marsupials

A

Cretaceous

141
Q

Diatoms

A

Cretaceous

142
Q

Angiosperms

A

Cretaceous

143
Q

A mountain building event, a linear zone of deformed rock strata in the western United States extending from southeastern California northeastward through southern Nevada and western Utah to western Wyoming.

A

Server orogeny

144
Q

Ontong Java Plateau- there’s a smaller magmatic pulse around 90 Ma

A

Cretaceous

145
Q

Crocodiles appeared

A

Creataceous

146
Q

South America breaks away from Africa- Formation of the Atlantic Ocean

A

Cretaceous

147
Q
  • a series of mountain-building events that affected much of western North America in Late Cretaceous and Paleogene time.
A

Laramide orogeny

148
Q

Extinction of Dinosaurs and ammonites-Possible Cause: Meteorite Impact Evidence: Iridium Layer (KPg Boundary) Chicxulub Crater - (150 km) Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico

A

Cretaceous - Tertiary (K-t/ K-pg) Mass Extinction

Geologic Time Scale (1 decks)

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