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Math!!!! > EO-7(2) > Flashcards

EO-7(2) Flashcards

1
Q

Why classify radars and signals by function?

A

Can help sorting through numerous signals to determine if weapons systems are present, allows a platform to preform in different ways based on the environment

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2
Q

Identify some examples of “Search Radar” systems:

A

Early Warning (EW), Height Finder (HF), Surface Search (SS), Navigation (NA), Range Instrumentation (RI), Meteorological Radar (ME), Over-the-Horizon Radar, Synthetic Array (Aperture) Radar (SAR)

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3
Q

Identify some examples of “Threat Radar” functions:

A

Target Acquisition (TA), Target Tracking (TT), Fire Control (FC), Airborne Intercept (AI), Anti-Aircraft Artillery (AA), Multi Function (MF), Missile Guidance (MG)

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4
Q

Does early warning detect targets at a close distance or far away?

A

As far away as possible

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5
Q

What system typically uses large PDs and circular scans? (can be air, land, or ship borne platforms)

A

early warning (EW)

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6
Q

what radar is designed to determine altitude of an airborne target

A

height finder

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7
Q

height finders are usually co located with what radar?

A

EW

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8
Q

Surface Search (SS)

A

Short range system that provides tracking data on ships for coastal defense or vessel movement control.

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9
Q

what radar group does harbor search (HS) and coastal search (CS) fall under?

A

surface search (SS)

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10
Q

Primarily used to prevent collisions

A

navigation (NA)

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11
Q

provide terrain surveillance by detecting and identifying targets like tanks, trucks, and people.

A

Battle field surveillance (BS)

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12
Q

Battle field surveillance (BS)

A

Tend to be low power, man portable systems. larger ones can be mounted on vehicles or aircraft.

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13
Q

Acquires and automatically tracks airborne targets to provide trajectory information on objects of interest

A

range Instrumentation (RI)

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14
Q

used to locate precipitation, calculate motion, and estimate its type. (snow, rain ect) (Most use pulsed doppler radars)

A

meteorological radar (ME)

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15
Q

what causes the limitation of line of sight for most radars

A

the curvature of the earth

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16
Q

type of radar used to detect and track targets from beyond the horizon

A

over the horizon radar (OTH)

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17
Q

What are the 2 types of OTH radars?

A

Sky wave and ground wave systems

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18
Q

Explain skywave systems

A

Uses certain angles and certain RFs (usually 3-30 MHz) to “bounce” radio waves off the ionosphere and back to Earth to targets beyond the horizon.

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19
Q

What factors affect the changing ionic densities?

A

Time of day, time of year, solar activity, weather

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20
Q

Explain ground wave

A

Uses lower frequencies (below 3MHz), uses atmospheric layers as a waveguide “ducting”

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21
Q

Explain synthetic array (aperture) radar (SAR)

A

transmits pulses, adds the returned pulses together to get larger “picture”

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22
Q

Which radar does terrain imaging, and ground mapping?

A

Synthetic Array (Aperture) Radar (SAR)

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23
Q

used upon initial detection of a target to refine angle and range measurements

A

Target acquisition (TA)

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24
Q

Used to maintain the location of a target by constantly calculating the targets range, angle, and velocity

A

Target Tracking (TT)

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25
Q

Explain Fire Control (FC)

A

designed specifically to provide info about a target to a fire control system in order for how to direct weapons to hit the target (identifies target’s azimuth, elevation, range, velocity)

26
Q

What is a radar with an air to air role, typically housed in the aircraft’s nose cone?

A

Airborne intercept (AI)

27
Q

Anti-Aircraft Artillery (AA)

A

used to determine adversary aircrafts angle, and range and projected path to be transmitted to a computer and used to direct weapons to the target

28
Q

Multi Function (MF)

A

used to perform multiple tasks, can perform different functions. ex. target detection, acquisition, tracking, warheads vs. decoys (sometimes called MPARs)

29
Q

What does MPAR stand for?

A

Multi-function Phased Array Radar

30
Q

Missile-Guidance Radar (MG)

A

Used to provide missile guidance and course correction to a missile as it moves toward its target

31
Q

What is a missile?

A

Self-propelled guided weapon system.

32
Q

Name the main missile system components:

A

Targeting/guidance, flight system, engine, warhead

33
Q

What are the 3 categories for missile guidance?

A

homing, beam riding, and command guidance

34
Q

What are the 3 homing guidance types?

A

active, semi active, and passive

35
Q

What is it when a homing missile contains a radar transceiver. and has the ability to find and track a target autonomously?

A

active homing

36
Q

What is the main benefit of an active homing missile?

A

The fire and forget capability

37
Q

What is the main disadvantages of an active homing missile?

A

Equipment must be small, it’s expensive, and is only able to work at relatively short ranges.

38
Q

only has a reciever in the nose come of the missile, which passively detects a radar signal from an external source.

A

semi-active homing

39
Q

A semi-active homing missile is an example of what kind of radar system?

A

A bistatic CW radar system

40
Q

Describe the advantage of a semi-active homing missile.

A

It is not weighed down by a transmitter and, therefore, has greater reach.

41
Q

Describe the disadvantages of a semi-active homing missile.

A

The target must be “illuminated” during the entire flight, leaving the launch aircraft vulnerable to counter-attack.

42
Q

missile guides itself based on emissions from the target itself instead of reflections from the radar

A

passive homing

43
Q

Name an example of a passive homing missile.

A

Infrared homing (i.e. heat seeking)

44
Q

what are the two missile remote guidance types

A

beam riding and command

45
Q

What is the simplest method of missile guidance?

A

beam riding

46
Q

a transmit antenna on the ground points a beam at the target. the missile adjusts itself to keep in the center of the beam

A

beam riding

47
Q

one radar is used to track the target another is used to track the missile

A

command

48
Q

Command guided missiles can receive what 3 types of information?

A
  1. missile and target location
49
Q

command info for missile: the missile contains an onboard computer that calculates course corrections based on data received

A

missile and target

50
Q

command info for missile: has to have an internal navigation system to determine it’s own location. uses data along with recieved target location to calculate course corrections.

A

target location only

51
Q

command info for missiles: course calculations made by parent radar, sends commands to missile. (pitch, yaw, roll, as well as arming and detonation commands)

A

steering commands

52
Q

What are the common methods in relation to encoding schemes for command guidance?

A

pulse duration (PDM), pulse position (PPM), pulse code modulation (PCM), amplitude modulation (AM)

53
Q

The process in which the duration, or width, of each pulse is varied in proportion to the amplitude of a modulating waveform

A

pulse duration modulation (PDM)

54
Q

What is the most common use of Pulse Duration Modulation (PDM)?

A

Used to control servomechanisms inside of missiles.

55
Q

Way to save wasted energy from the PDM but still convey information. Simply transmits the edges of the PDM pulses.

A

Pulse Postion Modulation

56
Q

Remote Controlled Servos

A

Used to provide actuation for various mechanical systems (i.e. steering of a car, rudder of a boat)

57
Q

PPM typically uses a consistent timing interval known as?

A

Frame time

58
Q

What is sent at the beginning of each frame to maintain a timing reference for command guidance?

A

frame markers (reference pulse group)

59
Q

What is a broad category of modulation that uses pulses to create binary codes?

A

Pulse code modulation

60
Q

PPM- PCM

A

uses a series of closely spaced pulses to pass info. reciever decodes as 1 or 0, depending on the presence or lack of in the sequence.

61
Q

FSK-PCM

A

changes the RF of the pulses in order to convey info. (Higher freq might indicate 1, lower may indicate 0)

62
Q

PSK-PCM

A

phase shift 180° imparted during the transmission of the pulse, position and duration of the phase shifts translates into binary.

Math!!!! (7 decks)

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