Enzymes Quiz Prep Flashcards
What is an enzyme
An enzyme is also known as a biological catalyst. Enzymes are usually proteins, and help speed up the rate of a reaction. Enzymes are necessary for many functions such as digestion.
What is chyme
Chyme is food when it enters the stomach
What is the purpose of enzymes
Speeds up reactions
What is a substrate
A substrate is what is being broken down by an enzyme
Can enzymes be used more than once
Yes they can be reused as long as the shapes fit
What is an active site
The active site is a special area on an enzyme where the substrate connects with it. This is where the enzyme helps the substrate break down or form. The shape of the active site can be slightly changed to fit the substrate, but enzymes are still selective
What suffix is usually added to enzyme names
Ase
Why do most enzymes work best at a ph of 7
Because 7 is neutral, so the ph charges don’t react with other charges and effect the shape. There are cases when the charges on acids or bases (ph scale) interact with the charges on enzymes and affect the shape. This may result in the enzyme and substrate no longer fitting.
How does pH effect enzyme
Each enzyme has an optimal pH that it works best with; most enzymes work best with a pH of 7.
What is bolus?
Bolus is good travelling down the esophagus.
What does denaturation mean?
Denaturation is when weak bonds (ex hydrogen bonds) break, and the protein looses its shape. The denaturation of enzymes results in the enzyme and substrate no longer fitting. Denaturation often occurs in very high temperatures.
How do temperatures effect enzymes
Lock and key model
Easiest way to show how they fit together. Doesn’t show induced fit
What is induced fit
Induced fit is when slight changes occur to the active site to fit the substrate better. Induced fit enhances catalysts.
Chemical digestion
Chemically digesting
