Enzymes quiz

Question 1

Oxidoreductase function

Answer 1

transfer electrons from one molecule to the other

Question 2

Oxidoreductase naming

Answer 2

[e- donor] : [e- acceptor] [oxidoreductase]

Question 3

Transferase function

Answer 3

transfer functional groups from one molecule to the other

Question 4

Transferase naming

Answer 4

[reactant receiving functional group] [functional group] [transferase]

Question 5

Hydrolase function

Answer 5

bond cleavage with addition of water or bond formation with removal of water

Question 6

Hydrolase naming

Answer 6

[compound to be cleaved] [hydrolase]

Question 7

Lyase function

Answer 7

group elimination to form double bond

Question 8

Lyase naming (no C-C bonds broken)

Answer 8

[compound with single bond] [lyase]

Question 9

Lyase naming (C-C bond broken)

Answer 9

[compound with C-C bond cleaved] [synthase]

Question 10

Isomerase function

Answer 10

intramolecular rearrangements

Question 11

Isomerase naming

Answer 11

[reactant] [isomerase]

Question 12

Ligase function

Answer 12

bond formation from ATP cleavage or bond cleavage from ATP formation

Question 13

Ligase naming (1/2)

Answer 13

[reactant] : [reactant] [ligase]

Question 14

Ligase naming (2/2)

Answer 14

[compound formed] [synthetase]

Question 15

Proximity & Orientation definition

Answer 15

substrate bound in proper alignment to and next to catalytic amino acids

Question 16

Proximity & Orientation recognition

Answer 16

substrate binding to active site

Question 17

Proximity & Orientation purpose

Answer 17

increase reaction rate by limiting diffusion and maximizing alignment of reacting functional groups

Question 18

Preferential Binding of TS definition

Answer 18

enzymes bind TS with higher affinity than substrates or products

Question 19

Preferential Binding of TS recognition

Answer 19

additional contacts made to unstable intermediate (TS) relative to substrate or product

Question 20

Preferential Binding of TS purpose

Answer 20

increase reaction rates by lowering TS energy

Question 21

Acid/Base Catalysis definition

Answer 21

enzyme donates or accepts proton to another aa or substrate

Question 22

Acid/Base Catalysis recognition

Answer 22

a protonated aa gets deprotonated, or a deprotonated aa gets protonated

Question 23

Acid/Base Catalysis purpose

Answer 23

stabilize leaving groups (general acid), increase nucleophilicity (general base), stabilize TS

Question 24

Covalent Catalysis definition

Answer 24

enzyme forms covalent bond with substrate

Question 25

Covalent Catalysis recognition

Answer 25

deprotonated aa nucleophilically attacks substrate

Question 26

Covalent Catalysis purpose

Answer 26

provides new reaction pathway

Question 27

Electrostatic Catalysis definition

Answer 27

charge on enzyme interacts with a neighboring charge

Question 28

Electrostatic Catalysis recognition

Answer 28

charge on enzyme interacts with a neighboring charge

Question 29

Electrostatic Catalysis purpose

Answer 29

substrate specificity and orientation, stabilize charges forming

Question 30

Metal Ion Catalysis definition

Answer 30

metal ion in active site participates in catalysis

Question 31

Metal Ion Catalysis recognition

Answer 31

metal ion in active site

Question 32

Metal Ion Catalysis purpose

Answer 32

charge stabilization, water ionization, electron transfer