Enzymes in DNA Replication, Transcription, and Translation

Question 1

Which enzyme untwists the double helix at replication forks, separating two parental strands and making them available as templates?

Answer 1

helicase

Question 2

Which enzyme helps relieve the strain ahead of the replication fork caused by untwisting the DNA double helix?

Answer 2

Topoisomerase

Question 3

Which enzyme synthesizes a complementary primer of RNA from a DNA template?

Answer 3

primerase

Question 4

Which enzymes catalyze the synthesis of DNA by adding nucleotides to the primer?

Answer 4

DNA polymerases

Question 5

What protein is necessary for the replication of the lagging strand?

Answer 5

Okazaki fragments

Question 6

Which enzyme joins the sugar-phosphate backbone of all the Okazaki fragments into a continuous strand?

Answer 6

DNA ligase

Question 7

What enzyme joins the 3’ end of DNA that replaced the primer to the leading DNA strand during replication?

Answer 7

DNA ligase

Question 8

What enzyme cuts out a segment of DNA that was mismatched?

Answer 8

nuclease