enzymes exam questions Flashcards
temperature on rate of reaction - graph
as the temperature increases the enzyme and the substrate gain kinetic energy;
there are more successful collisions between the substrate and the active site
there are more enzyme-substrate complexes
effect of temperature on rate of reaction - above optimum
after the optimum temperature due to gaining a lot of kinetic energy the molecules in the enzyme move around more;
this breaks hydrogen and ionic bonds;
denatures the enzyme;
the active site is no longer complimentary or specific in shape to the substrate;
the enzyme changes;
fewer enzyme-substrate complexes are formed
the effect of pH on rate of reaction - acidic pH
at a low pH the H+ ions attract the negative R groups in the hydrogen and ionic bonds;
causing the hydrogen and ionic bonds to break;
this changes the tertiary structure of the enzyme;
the active site is no longer complementary or specific in shape to the substrate;
there are fewer enzyme-substrate complexes formed
the effect of pH on rate of reaction - alkali pH
at a high pH the H+ ions attract the negative R groups in the hydrogen and ionic bonds;
causing the hydrogen and ionic bonds to break;
this changes the tertiary structure of the enzyme;
the active site is no longer complementary or specific in shape to the substrate;
there are fewer enzyme-substrate complexes formed
effect of substrate concentration on rate of reaction
as the substrate concentration increases there are more successful collisions between the active site and the substrate;
there are more enzyme-substrate complexes formed;
until all active sites are saturated;
the enzyme concentration becomes the limiting factor
effect of enzyme concentration on rate of reaction
as the enzyme concentration increases there are more successful collisions between the active site and the substrate;
there are more enzyme-substrate complexes formed;
until all the substrate is used up;
the substrate concentration becomes the limiting factor
