Enzymes Flashcards
1
Q
3 Enzyme characteristics
A
- ↑ RR
- High affinity & specificity for substrates (stereospecific)
- Highly regulated
2
Q
Conjugated vs Unconjugated (enzymes)
A
- Unconjugated: no factor required to work
- Conjugated: cofactor required for enzyme to work
3
Q
3 types of cofactors for conjugated enzymes
A
- Coenzyme: Organic cofactor (e.g. Vitamins)
- Cofactor: Inorganic cofactor(e.g. Fe²⁺, Mg²⁺ )
- Prosthetic group: tightly bound cofactor (e.g. Heme)
4
Q
Define transition state (TS) & state why it’s important
A
Highest potential energy in the reaction coordinate. Intermediate b/w R to P. Important to exceed this for R -> P
5
Q
What is free energy of activation & what effect does an enzyme have on it?
A
aka activation energy: min. energy required to form TS. An enzyme will lower this = quicker RR
6
Q
Describe the lock + key model & induced fit model
A
- Lock + key: substrate has to match the fixed geometry of active site
- Induced: active site has flexible shape that will change when substrate binds
7
Q
Why are enzymes important?
A
bc speed up chemical rxns that would take very long w/out it
