Enzymes Flashcards

1
Q

3 Enzyme characteristics

A
  • ↑ RR
  • High affinity & specificity for substrates (stereospecific)
  • Highly regulated
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2
Q

Conjugated vs Unconjugated (enzymes)

A
  • Unconjugated: no factor required to work

- Conjugated: cofactor required for enzyme to work

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3
Q

3 types of cofactors for conjugated enzymes

A
  • Coenzyme: Organic cofactor (e.g. Vitamins)
  • Cofactor: Inorganic cofactor(e.g. Fe²⁺, Mg²⁺ )
  • Prosthetic group: tightly bound cofactor (e.g. Heme)
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4
Q

Define transition state (TS) & state why it’s important

A

Highest potential energy in the reaction coordinate. Intermediate b/w R to P. Important to exceed this for R -> P

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5
Q

What is free energy of activation & what effect does an enzyme have on it?

A

aka activation energy: min. energy required to form TS. An enzyme will lower this = quicker RR

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6
Q

Describe the lock + key model & induced fit model

A
  • Lock + key: substrate has to match the fixed geometry of active site
  • Induced: active site has flexible shape that will change when substrate binds
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7
Q

Why are enzymes important?

A

bc speed up chemical rxns that would take very long w/out it

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