Enzymes Flashcards
Enzymes
Any of several complex proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions
Catalyst
A substrate that initiates or accelerates a chemical reaction without itself being affected
Activation energy
The energy that an atomic system must acquire before a process can occur
Substrate
The substance acted upon by an enzyme
Enzyme substrate complex
A temporary complex formed when an enzyme bunds to its substrate molecules
Competitive inhibitor
A substrate that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics
Non competitive inhibitor
A substrate that reduces the activity of an enzyme by entering a site away from the active site, thus changing the shape of the active site
Active site
The site on an enzyme that attaches to a substrate
Allosteric site
A specific receptor site on some part of an enzyme molecule remote from the active site
Allosteric inhibitor
Change the shape of the active site, and may enhance enzymes function
Reversible inhibition
When an inhibitor form weak chemical bond with the enzyme, can be competitive or non competitive
Irreversible inhibition
An inhibitor that binds covalently and cannot be removed
Factors that effect enzyme function
Enzyme concentration
Substrate concentration
Temperate
PH
Lock and key model
The model of the enzyme that shows the substrate fitting perfectly into the active site
Induced fit model
The model of the enzyme that shows the substrate binding to the active site and active site altering slightly
