Enzymes Flashcards
1
Q
What are enzymes?
A
Biological catalysts
2
Q
What reactions do they catalyse?
A
- Photosynthesis
- Protein synthesis
- Respiration
3
Q
What are mutations?
A
Changes to genes - they can be spontaneous and happens because of:
- Radiation
- Chemicals e.g. tar from bines
4
Q
What happens when the substrate no longer fits?
A
The enzyme becomes denatured (permanently)
5
Q
Name 4 types of protein.
A
Structural - collagen
Hormone - insulin
Enzyme - amylase
Carrier molecule - haemogoblin
6
Q
Name the different enzymes.
A
Amylase: starch - sugars (small intestine, pancreas, sg)
Protease: proteins - amino acids (stomach, pancreas, si)
Lipase: lipids - fatty acids + glycerol (pancreas, si)
7
Q
What acid does the stomach produce?
A
Hydrochloric acid
8
Q
Enzyme names:
A
Lipase: breaks down fats
Protease: breaks down proteins
Carbohydrase: breaks down carbohydrates
Isomerase: converts glucose into fructose
