Enzymes Flashcards
What are the six types of membrane proteins?
Transport, enzymes, signal transduction, cell-cell recognition, inter-cellular junction, attachment
To which part of the enzyme does the substrate bind? Once this process is completed, how do we call the substance formed?
The active site. The Enzyme-Substrate Complex.
How do we call the flexibility of enzymes which enable substrates to bind to them?
Induced fit
How can enzymes catalyse a reaction?
The amino acids’ R groups destabilize the substrate, lowering the activation energy of the reaction.
The substrate is held in the active site by ….
Hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds
In enzyme-controlled reactions, the rate is controlled by …. Therefore, these reactions can be affected by ….
Controlled by the number of collisions between the enzyme and the substrate and the binding ability of the enzyme. Affected by concentration, temperature, pH, ionic concentration, chemicals that interfere with the enzyme’s shape.
Which type of inhibitor binds away from the active site?
Non-competitive inhibitors
Which type of inhibitor binds to the active site?
Competitive inhibitors
I am not a protein but I help the enzyme carry out its reaction. Who am I?
Cofactor
I am an organic cofactor. Who am I?
Coenzyme
Enzymes are always proteins. True or false?
False, they can also be RNA
Give an example of RNA working as an enzyme.
Ribosome
Give an example of a competitive inhibition.
- Ethanol and methanol compete for the same active site on alcohol dehydrogenase.
- CO competes with O2 on the heme group in haemoglobin
Give an example of a non-competitive inhibition.
Strychnine inhibits the glycine receptor, which normally opens Cl-channels in nerve cells.
Where are the membrane proteins made?
In the Golgi
