Enzymes Flashcards
Protein functions
Structural components of tissues, hormones, antibodies, catalysts
What are proteins made of
Long chains of amino acids
Chemical reactions in a cell are controlled by what protein
Enzymes
What are enzymes
Biological catalysts
What can enzymes do
Build large molecules from many smaller ones, change one molecule into another one, break down large molecules into smaller ones
What is an active site
An area on the enzyme where other molecules can fit
What is meant by denatured
When the temp gets too got the enzyme stops working because active site changes shape
Factors affecting the change of shape of the active site
Temperature and pH
Optimum temp
When the reaction works as fast as possible
What temp does enzymes work at optimum level
37degrees
Where are digestive enzymes made
By glands In The digestive system
Digestion
The breakdown of large insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules
Amylase is a what…
Carbohydrase
Amylase is produced where
Salivary glands pancreas and small intestine
What does amylase do
Catalysed the digestion of starch into sugars in the mouth and small intestine
Protease is produced by …
Stomach, pancreas and small intestine
Lipase produced by what…
Pancreas and small intestine
What does protease do
Catalysed the breakdown of proteins into amino acids in the stomach and small intestine
What does lipase do
Catalysed the breakdown of lipids (fats and oils) to fatty acids and glycerol
Which enzyme digests starch
Amylase
Where’s bile produced and stored?
Produced in liver stored in gall bladder
What does bile do
Neutralises acid
What do microorganisms produce
Enzymes
How do enzymes get into rivers
May enter water ways through sewage system
Why are proteases used in baby foods
To predigest proteins in some baby foods
One advantage and one disadvantage of using enzymes in industry
Can be used in medicine to cure diseases. Enzymes may enter waterways through sewage system
Why do biological washing powders work more efficiently than non biological powders
They work at a lower temp save money
