Enzymes Flashcards
Key points:
Topic: Many proteins are enzymes
- enzymes
. Each enzyme lowers the activation energy of the reaction it catalyses.
. The induced-fit model of enzyme action.
. The properties of an enzyme relate to the tertiary structure of its active site and its ability to combine with complementary substrate(s) to form an enzyme-substrate complex.
• The specificity of enzymes
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Students should be able to:
• appreciate how models of enzyme action have changed over
• appreciate that enzymes catalyse a wide range of intracellular and extracellular reactions that determine structures and functions from cellular to whole-organism level.
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Skills
Students could be given the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution in order to calculate its pH, using the formula:
Ph = - LOG10 [H+]
Key points:
Topic: Many proteins are enzymes
- factors affecting enzyme activity
• The effects of the following factors on the rate of enzyme-controlled reactions -
> enzyme concentration,
> substrate concentration,
> concentration of competitive and of non-competitive inhibitors,
> pH
> and temperature.
Key words to use in enzyme questions
- enzyme
. complementary
. enzyme substrate complex
. tertiary structure
. Activation energy
(Lowers activation energy)
. Enzymes are specific shape (unique)
. active site
. Bending / stress on bonds when substrate binds to complementary active site
. biological catalyst
Key words to use in enzyme questions
- factors affecting enzyme
. The factors affecting enzyme activity can become limiting factors
. enzyme substrate complexes
. Enzymes denature
. Successful collisions
. saturation point / saturated
. The graph plateaus
. Substrate is in excess / more substrate is available
(As the rate increases)
