Enzymes Flashcards
What is an enzyme
Biological catalyst - controls rate of individual reactions in cells and doesn’t get used up itself
What type of proteins are enzymes
Globular
How do enzymes catalyse reactions
They lower the activation energy
What model is used over lock and key
Induced fit model
What is the induced fit
Where the shape of the active site changes and moulds based on the shape of the substrate due to bonds forming
What are factors affecting enzymes
Temp
pH
Substrate concentration
How dies temperature affect the rate of reaction
Optimum temp = enzymes have a lot of kinetic energy so move quickly. Results in lots of successful collisions leading to lots of enzyme substrate complexes
Low temp = less kinetic energy so less successful collision
Too high temp = heat breaks bonds maintaining the tertiary structure changing shape of active site so enzyme substrate complexes cant occur
How does pH affect the rate of reaction
Too low or high pH breaks the bonds of the active site so successful collisions cant occur resulting in a low rate of reaction
How does substrate concentration affect rate of reaction
Higher substrate conc = an increased chance of successful collisions between enzyme and substrate increasing rate of reaction
