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Enzymes > Enzymes > Flashcards

Enzymes Flashcards

1
Q

_ glands secrete hormones directly into the blood

A

Endocrine

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2
Q

Glands secrete hormones into ducts

A

Exocrine

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3
Q

The protein portion of an enzyme is called the

A

Apoenzyme

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4
Q

The model that considers the substrate, an active site to be a perfect fit for each other

A

Lock and key

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5
Q

This enlargement of the throat can occur due to either hypothyroidism or hyper thyroidism

A

Goiter

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6
Q

Maintaining the internal environment of the body at equilibrium

A

Homeostasis

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7
Q

Insulin is an example of a blank hormone

A

Peptide

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8
Q

Every enzyme has an optimal blank at which it will work in the body. The exact value of this will depend upon where in the body that enzyme is functioning, values to far above or below optimal result in the denaturation of the enzyme.

A

Ph

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9
Q

A factor affecting the rate of a chemical reaction

A

Temperature, surface area, concentration, or use of catalyst

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10
Q

Organic but non-protein coenzyme are often derived from these substances

A

Vitamins

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11
Q

In order to cool, your body, blood vessels near the surface of the skin will blank

A

Dilate

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12
Q

Many blank are inhibitors that permanently bind to the active site of enzymes rendering them inactive

A

Poisons

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13
Q

A blank occurs to correct the situation when a receptor detects that conditions in the body or out of the normal range

A

Adaptive response

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14
Q

All enzymes names end in the suffix

A

Ase or in

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15
Q

Enzyme activity can be greatly reduced when temperatures get to blank the situation is irreversible

A

Hot

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16
Q

Components of the body which detect light

A

Photoreceptors

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17
Q

Increasing this factor will increase the rate of a chemical reaction

A

Surface area

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18
Q

All of the body sensory receptors are connected to the blank system

A

Nervous

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19
Q

The portion of an enzyme that binds with the substrate

A

Active site

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20
Q

Call factors can belong to this group of substances

A

Metals

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21
Q

Components of the body which detect chemical changes

A

Chemoreceptors

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22
Q

A blank increases the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the activation energy

A

Catalyst

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23
Q

When the product of an enzyme, catalyzed reaction binds to the blank site on the enzyme, it causes a change to the shape of the active site and the enzyme becomes temporary inactive

A

Alosteric

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24
Q

This word is what happens to a protein when its shape is changed by being exposed to heat or certain chemicals

A

Denature

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25
Q

Blank like mercury, and lead can cause the denaturation of enzymes

A

Heavy metals

26
Q

Blank or chemical messengers, which help cells communicate with each other

A

Hormones

27
Q

A organic, but non-proteins, substance (example, vitamin) which place a role in forming a functioning enzyme

A

Coenzyme

28
Q

This word refers to the combination of all the chemical reactions that are occurring within an organism

A

Metabolism

29
Q

Components of the body which detect changes in blood pressure

A

Baro receptors

30
Q

Negative feedback, blank occurs when the increase in the product of an enzyme catalyzed reaction causes the rate of that reaction to slow by inhibiting the associated enzyme

A

Inhibition

31
Q

The idea that the active site modifies its shape as it forms the enzyme substrate complex

A

Induced fit

32
Q

The receptors for regulating body temperatures are located in this part of the brain

A

Hypothalamis

33
Q

The enzyme maltase decomposes the sugar

A

Maltose

34
Q

The blank energy is the amount of energy that is required to get a chemical reaction started

A

Activation

35
Q

A solution with a higher blank, will provide a fast reaction rate than a solution with one that is lower

A

Concentration

36
Q

Blanks feedback systems are very rare in humans, but are present in situations like childbirth and breastfeeding

A

Positive

37
Q

Enzyme activity can be reduced when temperatures become to blank however, the situation can be reversed

A

Cold

38
Q

This enzyme catalyses the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide

A

Catalase

39
Q

This element is required for the production of thyroxin

A

Iodine

40
Q

If your body temperature drops below normal, your brain may direct your body to start involuntarily muscle contractions, which make you start to blank

A

Shiver

41
Q

Blood pressure blood pH and blood glucose levels are all part of blank feedback systems, where the correction of the level, which is out of range leads to a slowing, or seizing of the corrective measure

A

Negative

42
Q

In order to function properly enzymes require an additional substance called a blank, which are typically inorganic ions made of metals

A

Co factor

43
Q

Components of the body which detect temperature changes

A

Thermo receptors

44
Q

The term metabolic blank refers to a sequence of enzyme, catalyze chemical reactions, which are all linked to each other

A

Pathway

45
Q

Metabolic rate is controlled by the hormone thyroxine, which is produced by the blank gland

A

Thyroid

46
Q

A word used to describe a substance which will combine with the active site of an enzyme during a reaction

A

Substrate

47
Q

Enzymes are said to be blank, because each enzyme catalyzes only one type of reaction

A

Specific

48
Q

In an enzyme, catalyzed reaction reaction rate will continue to increase with the addition of more substrate until all enzyme active sites are blank. The addition of more substrate beyond this point, will result in no increase in reaction rate.

A

Saturated

49
Q

Lipid based hormones are composed of blank

A

Steroids

50
Q

A biological catalyst is called a blank

A

Enzyme

51
Q

What is involved in protein synthesis? What organelle?

A

Ribosomes

52
Q

Three causes of denaturation

A

Ph, heat, heavy metals or chemicals

53
Q

Body temp

A

37

54
Q

Element for thyroxine

A

Iodine

55
Q

Competitive inhibitor sticks to an

A

Active site

56
Q

Non competitive inhibitor sticks to an

A

Alosteric site

57
Q

Poisons are permanent

A

Inhibitors

58
Q

Area of brain involved in homeostasis

A

Hypothalamus

59
Q

Peptide hormones bind to

A

Surface

60
Q

Steroid hormones bind to

A

Nucleus

Enzymes (1 decks)

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