enzymes Flashcards
what are enzymes? what do they do?[2]
large protein molecules with a specifice shape.
they catalyse reactions.
what does catalyse mean?[1]
speed up
explain the lock and key theory in steps. [4]
step 1 - the enzymes active site is a specific shape.
step 2 - the enzyme (lock) will only catalyse a specific reaction because the substrate (key) fits into its active site.
step 3 - enzymes can break molecules down into smaller ones.
step 4 - the process repeats with the same enzyme
in the lock and key model, what represents the lock and what represents the key? [2]
lock - enzyme
key - substrate
where does reaction occur? [1]
active site
do enzymes change in the reaction they catalyse? [1]
no, they are not changed
what is an optimum temperature?[1]
where the reaction (lock & key)works as fast as possible
what happens to the enzyme when it is denatured?[2]
the shape of the active site changes and the enzyme stops working
what causes an enzyme to be denatured?[2]
extremes of:
pH
High temperatures
what do digestive enzymes do?[3]
convert food into small, soluble molecules which then can be absorbed in the blood stream
where is amylase produced in?[3]
salivary glands
pancreas
small intestine
where is protease produced in? [3]
stomach
pancreas
small intestine
where is lipase produced in? [2]
pancreas
small intestine
how does amylase catalyse a reaction / what is its function? [1]
breaks down starch into glucose
how does protease catalyse a reaction / what is its function? [1]
breaks down proteins into amino acids
