Enzymes

Question 1

Enzymes are mostly ______ except ______&_______ which are made up of _______

Answer 1

Proteins
Ribozyme &ribonuclease p made up of rna

Question 2

[~~~~~~~~]
[ ]
[~~~~~~~~]

Answer 2

Active site

Question 3

Enzymes do not_______

Answer 3

Enzymes do not start a reaction only accelerate them

Question 4

Differences Between organic and inorganic catalyst

Answer 4

Enzymes are Inorganic catalyst
biocatalyst are made in laboratories (ni pd pt)
macromolecules
with high molecular weight low molecular weight
and complex structure. And simple structure
They are highly specific not specific
with narrow range Broad range
Cannot function in high Can function in high temp
temp. and pressure And pressure

Question 5

Q10 value=

Answer 5

2 to 3
For every 10 degree rise in temperature speed of a reaction increases to double its speed or half its speed

Question 6

Factors affecting enzymes

Answer 6

Temperature and pH
Optimal temp=37°-40°
Optimal pH=7

Question 7

Velocity of reaction vs substrate concentration
Km or s50 value

Answer 7

Substrate concentration at which velocity of reaction is vmax/2
Km=____________1_____________
Enzyme-substrate affinity

Question 8

Types of enzymes

Answer 8

Simple(only proteins) Compound(protein+non protein)
Protein=apoenzyme nonprotein=cofactor

Question 9

Types of co factor

Answer 9

Organic Inorganic
Co-enzyme Prosthetic zn2+ in
Nad tightly attached Carboxy anhydrase
Nadp Haem in Carboxy peptidase
Loosely attached Catalases& Cl- in salivary amylase
And breaks away Peroxidase
after catalysis

Question 10

Classes of enzymes

Answer 10

OTHLIL
(Oxido reductases–>oxudases reductases– dehydrogenases
Transferases———->kinases
Hydrolases————>all digestive enzymes
Lyases——————->(removes group by adding=)carbonic anhydrase
Isomerases————>
Ligases——————>dna ligases, pep carboxylases)

Question 11

Turn over number

Answer 11

Number of substrates converted/turned over into product by one molecule of enzyme per minute

Question 12

Competitive inhibition involves competition of________&_______ over the_________.
It is a _________ process, which is achieved by _________

Answer 12

Competition of substrate and IC over active site of enzyme.
Reversible process assigned by adding/ increasing substrate conc.

Question 13

Effects of competitive inhibition over reactions

Answer 13

It decreases enzyme-substrate affinity so KM value increases
But vmax of a reaction remains same

Question 14

Examples of Ic

Answer 14

1> sulpha drugs too control bacterial growth
2>E=succinct dehydrogenase
S=succinc acid
IC=Melanoic acid/ oxalo acetate