enzymes

Question 1

What is a catalyst?

Answer 1

a substance that can speed up a chemical reactions without itself being chemically unchanged at the end of the reaction

Question 2

What are enzymes?

Answer 2

They are proteins that function as biological catalysts. They catalyse or speed up the rate of chemical reactions and still remain chemically unchanged at the end of it.

Question 3

Where are most enzymes found?

Answer 3

In living organisms

Question 4

Why are enzymes required to break large molecules into simpler and smaller substances?

Answer 4

So that they are 1) soluble in water and 2) small enough to diffuse through the cell membrane

Question 5

Amylase digests?

Answer 5

Starch into maltose

Question 6

Maltase digests?

Answer 6

maltose into glucose

Question 7

Protease digests?

Answer 7

proteins into polypeptides, then to amino acids.

Question 8

Lipase digests?

Answer 8

fats into fatty acids and glycerol

Question 9

What are examples of digestive enzymes

Answer 9

1) amylase
2) maltase
3) protease
4) lipase

Question 10

How does an enzyme work?

Answer 10

enzymes are highly specific, which means that each chemical reaction inside a cell is catalysed by a unique enzyme.

Question 11

What is the hypothesis used?

Answer 11

Lock and key hypothesis

Question 12

enzyme reactions depends on the presence of?

Answer 12

Active sites

Question 13

In the lock and key hypothesis, what does the key act as?

Answer 13

The substrate

Question 14

In the lock and key hypothesis, what does the lock act as?

Answer 14

The enzyme / active site of the enzyme

Question 15

When the substrate binds to the active site of an enzyme, what does it form?

Answer 15

An enzyme-substrate complex.

Question 16

What is the processes in the lock and key hypothesis?

Answer 16

1) substrate enters the active site of the enzyme
2) Substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme.
3) Chemical reactions occur while substrate is attached to the enzyme. The substrate is then converted to the products.
4) Products leave the active site of the enzyme, enzyme remaining chemically unchanged and is able to catalyse another reaction

Question 16

What are some characteristics of enzymes?

Answer 16

1) They speed up chemical reactions
2) They are specific in action
3) Enzymes are required in small quantities and remain chemically unchanged at the end of reactions.
4) Works best at an optimum temperature of pH

Question 16

What can enzymes be affected by?

Answer 16

Changes in temperature or pH

Question 17

Define denaturation

Answer 17

It is the change in the three-dimensional structure of an enzyme or any other soluble protein caused by heat or chemicals such as acids or alkalis.

Question 18

What are examples of digestive enzymes

Answer 18

1) amylase
2) maltase
3) protease
4) lipase

Question 19

When do enzymes denature?

Answer 19

enzymes denature upon exposure to temperature above its optimum temperature. / takes place when there are extreme changes in pH and at a temperature above the optimum.