Enzymes

Question 1

They are proteins that act as catalysts — those that speed up the specific reactions in the body by lowering the activation energy.

Answer 1

Protein

Question 2

This term is the minimum amount of extra energy required by a reacting molecule to convert into a different product.

Answer 2

Activation Energy

Question 3

Proteins are this type if they function outside the cell.

Answer 3

Extracellular

Question 4

Proteins are this type if they function inside the cell.

Answer 4

Intracellular

Question 5

The region of an enzyme where substrate molecules bind, creating an enzyme-substrate to undergo a chemical reaction.

Answer 5

Active Site

Question 6

Name the 2 hypotheses that discuss the specificity of enzymes.

Answer 6

1. Lock-and-Key Hypothesis
2. Induced Fit Mechanism

Question 7

Name this hypothesis that states that enzymes have an absolute shape for their active site and only the substrates that have the same shape as the active site can bind to the enzyme.

Answer 7

Lock-and-key Hypothesis

Question 8

This hypothesis states that the enzyme has an active site without a definite shape. Once a substrate of a certain shape approaches the enzyme, the active site of the enzyme will change its shape according to the substrate’s

Answer 8

Induced Fit Mechanism

Question 9

This international organization is responsible for giving names to enzymes.

Answer 9

International Union of Biochemistry

Question 10

Most of the time, you’ll know a molecule is an enzyme because it ends in this suffix

Answer 10

-ase

Question 11

This is the factor that the classification of enzymes is based on.

Answer 11

The type of reaction it catalyzes and the substrate they act upon.

Question 12

These are the enzymes that are involved in redox reactions.

Answer 12

Oxidoreductases

Question 13

This type of oxidoreductase that transfers Hydrogen ions, particularly in the electron transport chain reactions of cell respiration in conjunction with the coenzymes NAD and FAD.

Answer 13

Dehydrogenases

Question 14

This type of oxidoreductase transfers oxygen from molecular oxygen.

Answer 14

Oxygenases

Question 15

This type of oxidoreductase is involved in electron transfer to peroxide. Its main function is to break down hydrogen peroxide.

Answer 15

Peroxidases

Question 16

These are the enzyme that is involved in the transfer of an atom or group of atoms from a donor molecule to an acceptor molecule

Answer 16

Transferases

Question 17

These enzymes catalyze hydrolytic reactions and condensation. These also split chemical bonds (peptide, glycosidic, ester).

Answer 17

Hydrolase

Question 18

These enzymes are involved in elimination or addition reactions in which a group of atoms is removed or added in a substrate.

Answer 18

Lyases

Question 19

These enzymes catalyze the internal rearrangement of atoms in a substrate and convert one isomer to another.

Answer 19

Isomerases

Question 20

An enzyme that catalyzes the formation of covalent bonds usually useS the energy derived from the concurrent splitting off of a pyrophosphate group from a triphosphate

Answer 20

Synthases (Ligases)

Question 21

A _______ enzyme refers to an enzyme that has lost its normal three-dimensional, or tertiary, structure.

Answer 21

denatured

Question 22

Factors that Affect Enzyme Activity

Answer 22

1. pH level
2. Temperature
3. Substrate Concentration

Question 23

At this temperature below, enzymes are still inactivated.

Answer 23

0ºC

Question 24

a process that produces organic compounds from inorganic compounds by using light energy captured by pigments present in chloroplasts.

Answer 24

Photosynthesis

Question 25

This institution is responsible for giving names to enzymes.

Answer 25

(IUB) International Union of Biochemistry/Biochemists