Enzyme kinetics

Question 1

Speeds up reaction

Answer 1

Catalyst

Question 2

Lowers temp or pressure w/o being consumed

Answer 2

Catalyst

Question 3

Lowers activation energy

Answer 3

Catalyst

Question 4

Energy barrier that must be surmounted for a chemical reaction to occur

Answer 4

Activation energy

Question 5

Lowers activation energy by forming enzyme-substrate complex

Answer 5

Enzymes

Question 6

structure is highly specific to the reaction they catalyze

Answer 6

Enzymes

Question 7

Responsible for making or building of chemical bonds

Answer 7

Enzymes

Question 8

Held together by weak bonds to allow dissociation of the complex when the reaction is finished

Answer 8

Enzyme-substrate complex (ES)

Question 9

3 types of enzymes

Answer 9

Medical
Industrial
Analytical

Question 10

Examples of medical enzymes

Answer 10

Asparaginase, proteases, lipases, streptokinase

Question 11

Examples of industrial enzymes

Answer 11

Lipase, proteases, glocose isomerase

Question 12

Examples of analytical enzymes

Answer 12

Glucose oxidase, alcohol dehydrogenase

Question 13

Globular proteins with an active site that acts as catalyst in living organisms, regulating the rate at which the chemical reaction proceed without itself being altered

Answer 13

Enzymes

Question 14

Lowers activation energy, where the catalysis takes place or where cjem reac occurs

Answer 14

Active site

Question 15

Specific region of an enzyme where the substrate binds

Answer 15

Active site

Question 16

Structural element of protein

Answer 16

Active site

Question 17

Small cleft within an enzyme with a specific wmino acid structure allowing the substrate to bind

Answer 17

Active site

Question 18

Complementary to its specific substrate shape

Answer 18

Active site

Question 19

2 models for active sites

Answer 19

• Lock and key model
• Induced fit model

Question 20

Model where active sites perfect for the substrate, does not require any changes to bind

Answer 20

Lock and key model

Question 21

Model where active sites is almost complementary to the substrate but when it binds, the enzyme undergoes changes to make the shape better

Answer 21

Induced fit model

Question 22

More accepted model in interaction of active sites

Answer 22

Induced fit model

Question 23

Reaction rate of an enzyme reaction and factors associated with it

Answer 23

Enzyme kinetics

Question 24

Developed to estimate the product yield, selectivity, and reaction time

Answer 24

Enzyme kinetics

Question 25

Conversion of substrate into products via enzymatic pathways

Answer 25

Enzymatic reaction

Question 26

Factors affecting enzyme kinetics

Answer 26

Substrate concentration Enzyme concentration pH Temperature Presence of co-factors Presence of inhibitors

Question 27

As this increases, each enzyme can locate and react more substrate mol and if low conc, each enzyme is reacting with fewer subs mol than suggested turnover number

Answer 27

Substrate Concentration

Question 28

In normal biological conditions, substrate concentration is ____ than enzyme concentration.

Answer 28

Higher

Question 29

pH at activity of a particular enzyme is at max

Answer 29

Optimum pH

Question 30

Enzymes have optimum pH with the same location they operate. Example

Answer 30

PEPSIN (opt pH 1.5; pH of the stomach)

Question 31

If the reaction in activity is reversible, the enzyme has been

Answer 31

Denatured

Question 32

If the reaction in activity is not reversible, the enzyme has been

Answer 32

Digested

Question 33

T or F Optimum temp of most human enzymes is about that of body temp (98.6F)

Answer 33

T

Question 34

Some enzymes need additional subs called ____ to induce reaction

Answer 34

Cofactors

Question 35

Cofactor which is an organic compound

Answer 35

Coenzyme

Question 36

Cofactor which is a metal ion

Answer 36

Metal ion activator

Question 37

Substances that reduce the rate of enzyme activity by binding with the enzyme and inteferring the formation of enzyme-substrate complex

Answer 37

Inhibitors

Question 38

Study of how enzymes bind with the substrate and convert them intro product

Answer 38

Enzyme kinetics

Question 39

Optimum temp of human enzymes

Answer 39

Same with body temp (98.6 F)

Question 40

Some enzymes are not capable of catalytic activity by themselves, other need addtl subs called ___ to induce reax

Answer 40

Cofactors

Question 41

Cofactor that is an organic compound

Answer 41

Coenzyme

Question 42

Cofactor that is a metal ion

Answer 42

metal ion activator

Question 43

When cofactor is not present, the activity of enzyme ____

Answer 43

dramatically reduced

Question 44

Substances that reduce the rate of enzyme activity by binding with the enzyme and interferring the formation of enzyme-substrate complex

Answer 44

Inhibitors

Question 45

Study of how enzymes bind with the substrate and convert them into product

Answer 45

Enzyme kinetics

Question 46

number of substrate mol converted into product per active site per second

Answer 46

Turnover number

Question 47

Conservation equation on enzyme

Answer 47

[E] = [Eo] - [ES]

Question 48

In Michaelis menten type kinetics, reaction rate is ____ at relatively low values of concentration

Answer 48

1st order

Question 49

In Michael-Menten Type Kinetics, when substrate concentration increases, reaction order _______

Answer 49

diminishes continuously from 1-0

Question 50

In Michael-Menten Type Kinetics, rate of reaction is proportional to the _____

Answer 50

amount of enzyme present

Question 51

Low substrate concentration equation of Michael Menten Kinetics

Answer 51

v = (Vmax/Km) ([S])

Question 52

In Michaelis menten type kinetics, reaction rate is ____ at high values of substrate concentration

Answer 52

Oth order

Question 53

High substrate concentration equation of Michael Menten Kinetics

Answer 53

v = Vmax

Question 54

The higher the substrate concentration, the higher the ____ until it reaches a ____

Answer 54

rate of reaction, plateau

Question 55

The higher the substrate concentration, the higher the

Question 56

Happens when enzyme is saturated

Answer 56

Reaches a plateau

Question 57

Substrate concentration equivaent to hafway to Vmax

Answer 57

Km (Michaelis Menten constant)

Question 58

Proposed rapid equilibrium assumption

Answer 58

Henri & Michaelis- Menten

Question 59

Dissociation constant in rapid equilibrium assumption

Answer 59

Km = k-1/k1

Question 60

In rapid eq assumption, Vmax changes as more ______

Answer 60

enzymes added

Question 61

In rapid eq assump, high substrate will ____ vmax

Answer 61

not affect

Question 62

In rapid eq assump, the value of Km _____

Answer 62

Decreases (enzyme has a high affnity with substrate)

Question 63

Proposed quasi steady state assumption

Answer 63

GE Briggs and JBS Haldane

Question 64

Used for reax in a well-mixed closed vessel provided that So >> Eo

Answer 64

Quasi-steady state assumption

Question 65

Ability of enzyme to enhnace the rate of a chem

Answer 65

Catalytic power