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Life Science > Environmental Studies > Flashcards

Environmental Studies Flashcards

Learn about Biosphere and Ecosystems

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Ecology

A

The study of the relationships between living organisms, including humans, and their physical environment.

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2
Q

Biosphere

A

The part of the Earth where humans and other organisms are able to live.

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3
Q

Hydrosphere

A

All the water on the surface of the Earth.

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4
Q

Lithosphere

A

The rocky outer part of the Earth.

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5
Q

Atmosphere

A

The layer of air that surrounds the Earth and consists of a mixture of various gases.

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6
Q

Ecosystem

A

A group of living things that interact with the physical environment.

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7
Q

Disturbance

A

The interruption of a settled and peaceful condition.

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8
Q

Deforestation

A

The action of clearing a wide area of trees.

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9
Q

Soil Erosion

A

The displacement of the upper layer of soil.

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10
Q

Carbon Dioxide

A

A colourless gas that humans breathe out, essential for photosynthesis and respiration.

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11
Q

-sphere

A

Biosphere. Atmosphere. Lithosphere. Hydrosphere.

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12
Q

Biome

A

A large area of life with a specific climate and plant life.

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13
Q

Climate

A

The long-term average of weather.

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14
Q

Geography and Average Rainfall

A

The key things that result in a particular climate.

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15
Q

Community

A

Group of living organisms.

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16
Q

Micro-organisms

A

A microscopic organism

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17
Q

Aquatic

A

Relating to water.

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18
Q

Terrestrial

A

Relating to the Earth.

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19
Q

Altitude

A

Height above sea level.

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20
Q

Latitude

A

The measurement of distance north or south of the Equator.

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21
Q

Seaweeds

A

Algae that live in the sea

22
Q

Decomposers

A

Organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms.

23
Q

Scavengers

A

Animals that consume dead organisms that have died from causes other than predation.

24
Q

Diversity

A

A variety of species.

25
Q

Tides

A

The alternate rising and falling of the sea, due to the attraction of the moon and sun.

26
Q

Symbiotic

A

Involving interaction between two different organisms living in a close physical association.

27
Q

Filter Feeders

A

A sub-group of suspension-feeding animals that feed by straining suspended matter and food particles from water.

28
Q

Intertidal

A

Being the part of the littoral zone above the low-tide mark.

29
Q

Coral Reef

A

A ridge of rock in the sea formed by the growth and deposit of coral.

30
Q

Photosynthesis

A

The process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize nutrients from carbon dioxide and water.

31
Q

Algae

A

An informal term for a large and diverse group of photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms.

32
Q

Plankton

A

The diverse collection of organisms found in water that are unable to propel themselves against a current.

33
Q

Estuary

A

Where fresh water meets salty water.

34
Q

Wetland

A

A distinct ecosystem that is flooded by water, either permanently or seasonally.

35
Q

Nutrients

A

A substance used by an organism to survive, grow and reproduce.

36
Q

Proteas

A

Fynbos plant, sometimes also called sugarbushes.

37
Q

Restios

A

Reed-like fynbos plant.

38
Q

Ericas

A

Fynbos plant with small, needle-like leaves.

39
Q

Geophytes

A

Fynbos bulb plants.

40
Q

Aromatic

A

Having a pleasant and distinctive smell.

41
Q

Adaptations

A

The adjustment of organisms to their environment in order to improve their chances at survival in that environment.

42
Q

Myrmecochory

A

Seed dispersal by ants.

43
Q

Serotiny

A

Remaining on a tree after maturity and opening to release seeds only after exposure to certain conditions, especially heat from a fire.

44
Q

Germination

A

The process by which an organism grows from a seed or similar structure.

45
Q

Photoperiodism

A

A behavior of plants where they respond to the length of daylight.

46
Q

Light intensity

A

The quantity of visible light that is emitted in unit time per unit solid angle (How much we experience sunshine)

47
Q

Nocturnal

A

Active at night.

48
Q

Diurnal

A

Of or during the day.

49
Q

Hibernation

A

A way animals conserve energy to survive adverse weather conditions or lack of food.

50
Q

Eutrophication

A

The process of increasing nutrient levels in an environment that results in an overgrowth of aquatic producer - algal bloom

Life Science (2 decks)

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