Environmental Optometry: 1 Flashcards
What % of workers have vision below the standard required for their occupation?
25-40%
What’s the most common form of insult in work-related injuries?
Corneal abrasion
What is the best lens material based on ANSI standards?
Polycarbonate
Ventilation is directly dependent on what?
Type of chemicals
Covered vents are _____ ventilation, while venting is ______ ventilation.
Covered Vents = indirect ventilation
Vents = direct ventilation
What type of UV ray is more likely to be transmitted to the retina?
UV-A (320 to 380nm)
UV-C rays are blocked by what? UV-B?
UV-C: Ozone layer, Cornea
UV-B: Cornea, Lens
BB gun injuries were one of the major causes of ________ injuries.
Preventable
What are the 5 ocular findings in BB gun injuries?
- Intraocular infections
- Hyphema
- Ocular siderosis
- Retained IOFB
- Sympathetic Ophthalmia
Bungee jumping can cause what type of hemorrhages?
Preretinal and superficial retinal hemorrhages
What are the short term ocular effects of high altitude?
- High altitude retinopathy
- Changes in corneal thickness (esp. in Radial Keratometry and Lasik pxs)
- Photokeratitis
What are the 3 long term ocular effects of high altitude?
- Pterygium
- Cataract
- Dry eye syndrome
What are the 4 vascular changes at high altitudes?
- Vascular engorgement
- Vascular tortuosity
- Superifical hemorrhages
- Papilledema
What happens to IOP at high altitudes?
IOP decreases
What are the 5 vision changes found in space?
- Hyperopic shift
- Elevated intracranial pressure (papilledema)
- Optic disc edema
- Globe flattening
- Retinal changes
What is the highest contributor to eye injuries that occur at home?
Contact Lenses
What are the 2 most common causes of contact lens injuries?
- Over-wear syndrome
2. Non-compliance/Abuse of lenses
What group most commonly has eye injuries from contact lenses at home? What %?
Females (66%)
Who gets eye injuries more? men or women? What’s the ratio?
Men more
4:1 ratio
When do eye injuries tend to peak during the year?
- Dec/Jan (holidays)
- 4th of July (fireworks)
- Summer (outdoor sports)
What sport has the greatest prevalence of sports-related eye injuries in the USA? What %?
- Basketball
- 29-67%
What type of protector does someone need who works with chemical irritating mists, according to ANSI standards?
Protector Type G
Describe protector type G.
Cover goggle, no ventilation
What do the new ANSI standards say about Frame Marking?
Spectacle frames intended for non-plano lenses shall be marked with the manufacturer’s mark or symbol and Z87-2
