Environmental Optometry: 1

Question 1

What % of workers have vision below the standard required for their occupation?

Answer 1

25-40%

Question 2

What’s the most common form of insult in work-related injuries?

Answer 2

Corneal abrasion

Question 3

What is the best lens material based on ANSI standards?

Answer 3

Polycarbonate

Question 4

Ventilation is directly dependent on what?

Answer 4

Type of chemicals

Question 5

Covered vents are _____ ventilation, while venting is ______ ventilation.

Answer 5

Covered Vents = indirect ventilation

Vents = direct ventilation

Question 6

What type of UV ray is more likely to be transmitted to the retina?

Answer 6

UV-A (320 to 380nm)

Question 7

UV-C rays are blocked by what? UV-B?

Answer 7

UV-C: Ozone layer, Cornea

UV-B: Cornea, Lens

Question 8

BB gun injuries were one of the major causes of ________ injuries.

Answer 8

Preventable

Question 9

What are the 5 ocular findings in BB gun injuries?

Answer 9

1. Intraocular infections
2. Hyphema
3. Ocular siderosis
4. Retained IOFB
5. Sympathetic Ophthalmia

Question 10

Bungee jumping can cause what type of hemorrhages?

Answer 10

Preretinal and superficial retinal hemorrhages

Question 11

What are the short term ocular effects of high altitude?

Answer 11

1. High altitude retinopathy
2. Changes in corneal thickness (esp. in Radial Keratometry and Lasik pxs)
3. Photokeratitis

Question 12

What are the 3 long term ocular effects of high altitude?

Answer 12

1. Pterygium
2. Cataract
3. Dry eye syndrome

Question 13

What are the 4 vascular changes at high altitudes?

Answer 13

1. Vascular engorgement
2. Vascular tortuosity
3. Superifical hemorrhages
4. Papilledema

Question 14

What happens to IOP at high altitudes?

Answer 14

IOP decreases

Question 15

What are the 5 vision changes found in space?

Answer 15

1. Hyperopic shift
2. Elevated intracranial pressure (papilledema)
3. Optic disc edema
4. Globe flattening
5. Retinal changes

Question 16

What is the highest contributor to eye injuries that occur at home?

Answer 16

Contact Lenses

Question 17

What are the 2 most common causes of contact lens injuries?

Answer 17

1. Over-wear syndrome

2. Non-compliance/Abuse of lenses

Question 18

What group most commonly has eye injuries from contact lenses at home? What %?

Answer 18

Females (66%)

Question 19

Who gets eye injuries more? men or women? What’s the ratio?

Answer 19

Men more

4:1 ratio

Question 20

When do eye injuries tend to peak during the year?

Answer 20

• Dec/Jan (holidays)
• 4th of July (fireworks)
• Summer (outdoor sports)

Question 21

What sport has the greatest prevalence of sports-related eye injuries in the USA? What %?

Answer 21

• Basketball

- 29-67%

Question 22

What type of protector does someone need who works with chemical irritating mists, according to ANSI standards?

Answer 22

Protector Type G

Question 23

Describe protector type G.

Answer 23

Cover goggle, no ventilation

Question 24

What do the new ANSI standards say about Frame Marking?

Answer 24

Spectacle frames intended for non-plano lenses shall be marked with the manufacturer’s mark or symbol and Z87-2

Question 25

What do the new ANSI standards say about Lens Marking?

Answer 25

Manufacturer’s logo is present and complies with basic impact test

Question 26

What lens marking indicates that the lens complies wit high impact test requirements?

Answer 26

a (+) sign

Question 27

What does the following lens markings mean? W+2.5

Answer 27

Manufacturer = W

• lens meets high impact requirements
• 2.5 filter on it