Environmental management Flashcards by Adam Williams

The three organizational components that an EMS must manage are …

instructions and records
how processes are operated
how personnel behave

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What percentage of wetlands in California currently need to be environmentally restored?

90%

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A restored ecosystem can be defined as …

The general structure and process of the reference ecosystem
Linked with and appropriately into larger landscapes
Sufficiently adapted to normal disturbance

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Why are EMS’s implemented?

To systematically identify and manage environmental risks to enhance compliance and reputation of an organisation.

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What are three types of data are used in GIS?

Aerial photos
satellite images
Radar/Lidar data

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What are the three main goals of environmental education

Raise awareness
develop skills
create solutions

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The key component on getting environmental science working effectively is

balance

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GIS is a form of

spatial analysis.

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Travelsmart was an initiative introduced to Perth to reduce car usage and this is an example of what?

Environmental education

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Difference between Vector and Raster

Vector: Line, locations, distance, algebra expressions
Raster: Colouring, similar math-based operations to vector

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How do we learn about our surroundings? (Remote sensing)

Census data
Field observations or direct measurement
Indirect measurements or observations

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Energy types for remote sensing

Electromagnetic energy
Acoustic
Gravity

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Different remote sensing sensors

Spatial resolution
Spectral resolution
Temporal resolution
Radiometric resolution

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Terrestrial applications (remote sensing)

Land cover
Vegetation type and condition
Soils including moisture
Water
Agricultural
Fire detection
Volcanic eruptions

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Animal pests example 3

Cane toad
European rabbit
Feral goat

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Examples of ecosystem degradation 5

Habitat destruction and modification
Land clearing and fragmentation
Loss of productive capacity
Grazing by stock and feral animals
Changes is hydrology

Definition of ecological restoration

an intentional activity that initiates or
accelerates the recovery of an ecosystem

Disciplinary linkages in Ecological restoration

Land Management
Ecology
Environmental restoration
Conservation biology

Key issues for successful restoration

Correct diagnosis of the problem
Setting clear goals and success criteria
Socio-economic and policy context
Effective communication

Two examples of Restoration plans

Alcoa (Post mining)
Gondwana link (Landscape-scale rehab)

How did they Restore Jarrah forest after mining?
What is the restoration level of indigenous plant species? (15 months after)

Pre-ripped top soils to 1.5 meters depth
Returned topsoil after mining
Planted and fertilized native seeds
100%

Sources of plant species collected for restoration purposes

Topsoil 60%
Applied seed 20%
Planting 20%

Key Strategies for Environmental Restoration

Management support
Objectives and targets
Research
Applying the research

Gondwana Link?

Aims to secure (Through conservation & Restoration) a 1000km band of healthy native habitat across southwest western Australia

Definition of environmental education

Developing knowledge, skills, values (Attributes and beliefs), and empowerment to change human behavior to achieve a positive environmental (or sustainability) outcome.

Three targets of EfS (Education for sustainability)

* Knowledge- head * Attitudes- heart * Actions- hands

Why was "10 tips about waste campaign" not successful

* Information only * didn't encourage or get people to take action

How was "Travel Smart" a successful education campaign

* Through encouraging people to take action in their workplaces * Involving people in the education process * Caused a habit change and realization of responsibility

What is an EMS

An attempt to attain desirable system states in response to community perceptions and desires under prevailing socio-economic and technical conditions * About managing human decision making and behavior as part of working towards desirable environmental goals

EMS five principles

* Commitment and policy * Planning (plan) * Implementation (Do) * Measurement and monitoring (Check) * Review and improvement (Act)

Corporate incentives & Bonus for why we use it

Corporate: Legitimacy, reputation, competitiveness, risk management, due diligence -> Public goodwill, Enhanced credibility, Reduction in costs, improved efficiency, Morale-building within the organization, Helps with compliance, Reduces environmental risks

When & Where was the first protected area

When: 1872 Where: Yellow Stone National Park

Four pillars of sustainability in ecotourism

* Sustainable management * Socio-economic impacts * Cultural Impacts * Environmental impacts

Non-consumptive use of protected areas

* Recreation * Tourism * Lesuire tourist * Business tourism

Nature-based tourism vs. Ecotourism & sustainable tourism

Nature-based tourism: Includes all forms of tourism where relatively undisturbed natural environments form the primary attraction or setting. Ecotourism: Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment, sustains the well-being of local people, and involves interpretation and education (Meeting needs of present tourists and host regions while protecting and enhancing opportunity)