Environmental Emergencies

Question 1

Organophosphates affect which nervous syndrome?

Answer 1

Parasympathetic

Question 2

SLUDGE is associated with what type of poisoning?

Answer 2

Organophosphate

Question 3

What is the best way to reduce absorption of toxins in the body?

Answer 3

Gastric lavage

Question 4

Fix for ethylene glycol?

Answer 4

100 or greater proof alcohol

Question 5

What are some signs and symptoms of carbon monoxide?

Answer 5

Headache, N/V, confusion, tachypnea

Question 6

What is the late symptom of carbon monoxide?

Answer 6

Cherry red appearance

Question 7

What type of treatment is required for a carbon monoxide poisoning?

Answer 7

Hyperbaric chamber

Question 8

What is botulism?

Answer 8

Poisoning from improperly canned food

Question 9

What is the drug of choice for tricyclic antidepressant overdoses?

Answer 9

Sodium bicarbonate

Question 10

What type of food poisoning has a quicker onset?

Answer 10

Bacterial

Question 11

Which insect bite has symptoms of progressive spasms of all large muscle groups? BOARD-LIKE abdomen

Answer 11

Black widow

Question 12

What is the fix for a marine animal injection?

Answer 12

Warm water

Question 13

The bodies temperature regulator is located in the?

Answer 13

Hypothalamus

Question 14

The peripheral thermoreceptors are located where?

Answer 14

Skin

Question 15

____is the production of heat.

Answer 15

Thermogenesis

Question 16

________is the regulation of heat loss.

Answer 16

Thermolysis

Question 17

Heat transfer from one item to another.

Answer 17

Conduction

Question 18

heat transfer from moving air or water

Answer 18

Convection

Question 19

A drowning in moving water is?

Answer 19

convection

Question 20

A drowning is a stagnant pool is?

Answer 20

conduction

Question 21

Hypothermia is classified as having a body temperature of less than __ degrees.

Answer 21

95

Question 22

_____ hypothermia is 95 to 90 degrees.

Answer 22

Mild

Question 23

_____ is 90 to 85 degrees.

Answer 23

Moderate

Question 24

____ hypothermia if less than 85 degrees.

Answer 24

Severe

Question 25

If less than ___ degrees the human is dead.

Answer 25

82

Question 26

____ muscles produce the most heat from within the body.

Answer 26

Skeletal

Question 27

Release of ___ and ___ can help temperature regulation by causing shivering.

Answer 27

Epi and norepi

Question 28

What ECG finding is associated with hypothermia?

Answer 28

prolonged PRI, QRS. The J point (Osborn wave) may be present at the junction of the QRSand the ST segment

Question 29

Drugs that impair thermoregulation?

Answer 29

alcohol, antidepressants, antipyretics, sedatives, aspirin.

Question 30

What occurs in the early phase of hypothermia?

Answer 30

epi release, movement to make heat. Goose bumps make valleys in skin to hold heat.

Question 31

What occurs in the transitional phase of hypothermia?

Answer 31

Shivering

Question 32

What occurs in the late phase of hypothermia?

Answer 32

slowing pulse, breathing, BP, decreased LOC.

Question 33

What should be done to treat hypothermia if mental status is ok?

Answer 33

Warm ASAP

Question 34

What should be done to treat hypothermia if mental status is not okay?

Answer 34

PASSIVE WARMING!!

Question 35

What is the most efficient way to warm a hypothermia body?

Answer 35

Cardiopulmonary bypass

Question 36

Pulse checks on a hypothermic patient should last at least how long before CPR?

Answer 36

30 seconds

Question 37

How does frost bite appear?

Answer 37

Frozen, waxy, white in color

Question 38

Unthawing a body part is only done if part is placed in water that stays how hot?

Answer 38

105-115 degrees

Question 39

Hyperthermia is classified as having a temperature of ____ or greater.

Answer 39

101

Question 40

______ are associated with electrolyte and fluid imbalance.

Answer 40

Heat cramps

Question 41

What are the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion?

Answer 41

Headache, tachycardia, thirst, major sweating.

Question 42

Classic heat stroke occurs most commonly when?

Answer 42

elderly people areforced to live in high ambient temperatures and high humidity environments

Question 43

Heat stroke is classified with having a temperature of?

Answer 43

104/105 or greater

Question 44

In a heat stroke, ____ is asign of poor prognosis

Answer 44

hypotension

Question 45

Most important factor that influences survival in drowning is?

Answer 45

Length of hypoxia.

Question 46

What is the body's thermoregulatory center?

Answer 46

Hypothalamus

Question 47

What is the only way to get a core temperature?

Answer 47

Rectally

Question 48

What is the treatment for heat cramps with nausea?

Answer 48

Normal saline bolus at 250ml/hr

Question 49

What is occurring in heat exhaustion?

Answer 49

Blood is shunting away from cores to peripherals

Question 50

Pulse in heat exhaustion is?

Answer 50

Rapid and weak

Question 51

Exertional heat stroke appears how?

Answer 51

May still be sweating

Question 52

External cooling should stop when body temperature reaches ____ degrees.

Answer 52

102

Question 53

Impaired judgement is seen once body temperature drops to?

Answer 53

95 degrees

Question 54

At what degree does shivering stop in hypothermia?

Answer 54

89.6

Question 55

Shivering is found in mild or severe hypothermia?

Answer 55

Mild

Question 56

Increase of BP, heart rate, and respiratory rate is seen in which phase of hypothermia?

Answer 56

Mild

Question 57

Osborn or J waves are seen with?

Answer 57

Hypothermia

Question 58

VFIB is probable below what degrees?

Answer 58

86

Question 59

In air embolisms, what is the preferred position for the patient to be placed?

Answer 59

Left side and slightly tendelenburg

Question 60

What occurs in decompression sickness?

Answer 60

Cutaneous/musculoskeletal bends

Question 61

What is the function of epi and norepi in heat regulation?

Answer 61

Vasoconstriction