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Exam 7 > Environmental Emergencies > Flashcards

Environmental Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

Organophosphates affect which nervous syndrome?

A

Parasympathetic

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2
Q

SLUDGE is associated with what type of poisoning?

A

Organophosphate

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3
Q

What is the best way to reduce absorption of toxins in the body?

A

Gastric lavage

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4
Q

Fix for ethylene glycol?

A

100 or greater proof alcohol

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5
Q

What are some signs and symptoms of carbon monoxide?

A

Headache, N/V, confusion, tachypnea

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6
Q

What is the late symptom of carbon monoxide?

A

Cherry red appearance

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7
Q

What type of treatment is required for a carbon monoxide poisoning?

A

Hyperbaric chamber

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8
Q

What is botulism?

A

Poisoning from improperly canned food

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9
Q

What is the drug of choice for tricyclic antidepressant overdoses?

A

Sodium bicarbonate

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10
Q

What type of food poisoning has a quicker onset?

A

Bacterial

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11
Q

Which insect bite has symptoms of progressive spasms of all large muscle groups? BOARD-LIKE abdomen

A

Black widow

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12
Q

What is the fix for a marine animal injection?

A

Warm water

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13
Q

The bodies temperature regulator is located in the?

A

Hypothalamus

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14
Q

The peripheral thermoreceptors are located where?

A

Skin

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15
Q

____is the production of heat.

A

Thermogenesis

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16
Q

________is the regulation of heat loss.

A

Thermolysis

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17
Q

Heat transfer from one item to another.

A

Conduction

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18
Q

heat transfer from moving air or water

A

Convection

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19
Q

A drowning in moving water is?

A

convection

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20
Q

A drowning is a stagnant pool is?

A

conduction

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21
Q

Hypothermia is classified as having a body temperature of less than __ degrees.

A

95

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22
Q

_____ hypothermia is 95 to 90 degrees.

A

Mild

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23
Q

_____ is 90 to 85 degrees.

A

Moderate

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24
Q

____ hypothermia if less than 85 degrees.

A

Severe

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25
Q

If less than ___ degrees the human is dead.

26
Q

____ muscles produce the most heat from within the body.

27
Q

Release of ___ and ___ can help temperature regulation by causing shivering.

A

Epi and norepi

28
Q

What ECG finding is associated with hypothermia?

A

prolonged PRI, QRS. The J point (Osborn wave) may be present at the junction of the QRSand the ST segment

29
Q

Drugs that impair thermoregulation?

A

alcohol, antidepressants, antipyretics, sedatives, aspirin.

30
Q

What occurs in the early phase of hypothermia?

A

epi release, movement to make heat. Goose bumps make valleys in skin to hold heat.

31
Q

What occurs in the transitional phase of hypothermia?

32
Q

What occurs in the late phase of hypothermia?

A

slowing pulse, breathing, BP, decreased LOC.

33
Q

What should be done to treat hypothermia if mental status is ok?

34
Q

What should be done to treat hypothermia if mental status is not okay?

A

PASSIVE WARMING!!

35
Q

What is the most efficient way to warm a hypothermia body?

A

Cardiopulmonary bypass

36
Q

Pulse checks on a hypothermic patient should last at least how long before CPR?

A

30 seconds

37
Q

How does frost bite appear?

A

Frozen, waxy, white in color

38
Q

Unthawing a body part is only done if part is placed in water that stays how hot?

A

105-115 degrees

39
Q

Hyperthermia is classified as having a temperature of ____ or greater.

40
Q

______ are associated with electrolyte and fluid imbalance.

A

Heat cramps

41
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion?

A

Headache, tachycardia, thirst, major sweating.

42
Q

Classic heat stroke occurs most commonly when?

A

elderly people areforced to live in high ambient temperatures and high humidity environments

43
Q

Heat stroke is classified with having a temperature of?

A

104/105 or greater

44
Q

In a heat stroke, ____ is asign of poor prognosis

A

hypotension

45
Q

Most important factor that influences survival in drowning is?

A

Length of hypoxia.

46
Q

What is the body’s thermoregulatory center?

A

Hypothalamus

47
Q

What is the only way to get a core temperature?

48
Q

What is the treatment for heat cramps with nausea?

A

Normal saline bolus at 250ml/hr

49
Q

What is occurring in heat exhaustion?

A

Blood is shunting away from cores to peripherals

50
Q

Pulse in heat exhaustion is?

A

Rapid and weak

51
Q

Exertional heat stroke appears how?

A

May still be sweating

52
Q

External cooling should stop when body temperature reaches ____ degrees.

53
Q

Impaired judgement is seen once body temperature drops to?

A

95 degrees

54
Q

At what degree does shivering stop in hypothermia?

55
Q

Shivering is found in mild or severe hypothermia?

56
Q

Increase of BP, heart rate, and respiratory rate is seen in which phase of hypothermia?

57
Q

Osborn or J waves are seen with?

A

Hypothermia

58
Q

VFIB is probable below what degrees?

59
Q

In air embolisms, what is the preferred position for the patient to be placed?

A

Left side and slightly tendelenburg

60
Q

What occurs in decompression sickness?

A

Cutaneous/musculoskeletal bends

61
Q

What is the function of epi and norepi in heat regulation?

A

Vasoconstriction

Exam 7 (5 decks)

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