Environmental Chemistry

Question 1

what are nutrients

Answer 1

a substance that an organism gets from its environment to grow and survive

Question 2

what are the two types of nutrients

Answer 2

inorganic and organic

Question 3

how do you know If something is organic

Answer 3

Chains of carbon

Question 4

What are carbohydrates for

Answer 4

Energy

Question 5

what is protein for

Answer 5

growth and repair

Question 6

what are lipids/fats for

Answer 6

storing long term energy

Question 7

what are vitamins for

Answer 7

catalysts for reactions

Question 8

how can you tell if something is inorganic

Answer 8

if there are no chains of carbon

Question 9

what are macro-nutrients

Answer 9

large amounts

Question 10

what id micro-nutrients

Answer 10

small amounts

Question 11

why are nutrients required

Answer 11

for growth, maintenance, and reproduction

Question 12

what is nitrogen needed for

Answer 12

for growth, cell, and tissue repair

Question 13

What are primary pollutants

Answer 13

They are put directly into the air

Question 14

what is absorption

Answer 14

when nutrients from the environment enter a body of a organism

Question 15

what is diffusion

Answer 15

when a area with high concentration moves to a area with lower concentration

Question 16

what is osmosis

Answer 16

movement of water(type of diffusion)

Question 17

what is active transport

Answer 17

when energy is used to move particles

Question 18

What are secondary pollutants

Answer 18

When primary pollutants have a chemical reaction with natural chemical/sunlight

Question 19

what is the purpose of roots

Answer 19

they increase the surface area for absorption

Question 20

what are fertilizers used for

Answer 20

a replacement for nitrogen

Question 21

what is eutrophication

Answer 21

the loss of oxygen from a body of water due to fertiliser pollution

Question 22

what is a acid

Answer 22

a substance with a ph less than 7

Question 23

what happens with a acid

Answer 23

they give off hydrogen ions

Question 24

what is a base

Answer 24

a substance with a ph higher than 7

Question 25

what happens with a base

Answer 25

they give off hydroxide ions

Question 26

what are properties of acids

Answer 26

sour and stings

Question 27

what are properties of bases

Answer 27

bitter and slippery

Question 28

when an acid is mixed with a base what is the result

Answer 28

water and salt | Eg: HCl+NaCl-->NaCl+H2O

Question 29

when a acid is mixed with a metal what does it form

Answer 29

it forms salt and hydrogen gas

Question 30

what does it mean if a litmus paper turns red

Answer 30

the substance is acidic

Question 31

what does it mean if the litmus paper turns blue

Answer 31

the substance is basic

Question 32

``what does it mean if the substances ph is 7

Answer 32

the substance is neutral

Question 33

what is liming

Answer 33

adding calcium carbonate(lime stone) to an acidified lake, the lime stone neutralizes the acid(referred to as acid-base neutralization

Question 34

what are scrubbers

Answer 34

limestone with water, it absorbs the sulfur particles preventing them from entering the atmosphere

Question 35

what is the ph scale

Answer 35

to see the acidity or alkalinity of a substance

Question 36

what can SO2 cause

Answer 36

smog and acid rain

Question 37

what are properties of carbon monoxide

Answer 37

colourless and odorless

Question 38

what are abiotic factors

Answer 38

water temp, rate of flow(turbulence)

Question 39

what are biotic factors

Answer 39

of organisms using oxygen

Question 40

what is toxicity

Answer 40

how poisonous a substance is

Question 41

what does it mean to monitor

Answer 41

to keep track of something

Question 42

what are the 5 categories of water use

Answer 42

human drinking water, recreation, livestock drinking water, irrigation, protection of aquatic life

Question 43

what are the 2 ways we test water quality

Answer 43

biological and chemical

Question 44

what is ppm

Answer 44

parts per million

Question 45

how do you measure ppm

Answer 45

mass of solute ---------------------- times 10(^6) mass of solution

Question 46

what is ppb

Answer 46

parts per billion

Question 47

how do you measure ppb

Answer 47

mass of solute ---------------------- times 10(^9) mass of solution

Question 48

what is the acceptable level of dissolved oxygen for aquatic life

Answer 48

between 5 and 8 ppm

Question 49

what does the ph have to be for precipitation to be considered acid rain

Answer 49

lower than 5.6

Question 50

what is spring acid shock

Answer 50

acid build up in ice or snow

Question 51

what do we use when we compare toxins

Answer 51

a measurement called "LD50"