Environmental and Medical Issues Flashcards
Possible solutions for global warming
- alternative ways to make electricity without producing CO2 (eg wind, sea, solar)
- cars using different fuels (biofuels)
- improved efficiency of cars (producing less pollution)
- Increased use of public transport
Forms of pollution
Acid Rain
-fossil fuels release sulphuric acid making rain more acidic
Human waste
-as economy grows so does waste, raw sewage has to be treated; uses up landfills
Eutrophication
-Fertilisers»_space;> Aqua plants and animals die
Radioactive Pollution
-Nuclear power stations produce waste that has to be buried safely or it can cause cancer/mutated children/death
Solution to Pollution
Acid Rain -stop burning so many fossil fuels Human Waste -recycling -use sewage as fuel Eutrophication -improve sewage treatment use fewer nitrates in fertiliser Radioactive Waste -reprocessing 97% to be used as fuel again and dispose of safely 3%
Solutions to the scarcity of natural resources
- Renewable ways to make electricity (eg solar, hydroelectric, tidal)
- car manufacturers using sugar cane or electricity to power cars
- recycling to extend some resources
- get chemicals from plants than oil to make plastics
- have a more natural lifestyle
Stewardship - Christianity and how it affects their lives
- Story of creation, Genesis, God gave humans the right to rule over plants and animals»_space; they will share earth resources fairly and tend to the less fortunate
- Old Testament teaches humans are responsible to treat animals and land well»_space; promote nature programmes and conservation groups
- Sermon of the mount, Jesus taught Christians are responsible to share Earth’s resources fairly»_space; reduce pollution and preserve recources
- on judgement day, Christians will be judged on being good stewards»_space; leave the earth in the same state that we came to it and be good individuals
Stewardship - Islam and how it affects their lives
- God created Adam as his steward (Khalifah) so all Muslims are gods stewards»_space; try to reduce pollution and look after earths resources
- on judgement day they won’t go to heaven if they have not cared for earth»_space; support the work of conservation groups
- Life is a test from God»_space; uphold unity and balance in creation and preserve the environment
Infertility treatments
- IVF
- Artificial insemination by husband or donor
- Egg/ Embryo donation
- Surrogacy
why are infertility treatments important
- 12.5% of couples in the UK have problems
- 2007, 12% of births were a result of fertility treatments
- part of human nature to want children to keep our species alive
- psychological problems can arise within a couple so it can stop mental illness
Infertility treatments - Christianity
Catholic
-Life is given by God; no one has the right to it (only through sexual acts)
-Fertilised embryos are thrown away in IVF like abortion
-all forms involve masturbation which is a sin
-breaks sanctity of life
Non- Catholics
-couples should be able to have children it is the purpose of marriage
-when thrown away they are not foetuses (no life)
-using other methods could be seen as adultery
-doctrine of double effect (Intention to create life not kill)
Infertility treatments- Islam
Majority
-when thrown away they are not foetuses (only after 120 days {ensoulment} )
-Muslims can have the family they are expected as it is the basis of society
-Can follow the prophet
-biological offspring of mum and dad
Minority
-child won’t know it’s natural parents which is forbidden in the Qur’an
-seen as adultery
-sperm and egg donation same as adoption which is banned
-life belongs to God
why is transplant surgery important?
- effective method of curing life threatening diseases
- pioneering surgical methods that can be used to cure diseases (spare part surgery)
- 2007, 7234 people were waiting for organs only 3000 happened so it could have saved 4000 extra lives
- brings out life after death, a chance to help others
Transplant surgery- Christianity
FOR
-immortality of the soul
-resurrection St Paul (don’t need organs)
-love thy neighbour
-treat others as you would want them to treat you
AGAINST
-heart beating (murder)
-taking over role of God
-breaks sanctity of life
-diverts resources from finding cures which could save more lives
Transplant surgery - Islam
Disagree
-Shari’ah law says nothing can be removed from the body after death
-need bodily organs to be resurrected on the Last
Day
-breaks sanctity of life
-take over role of God (shirk)
Agree
-lawyers say it is permissible
-Fathra (ruling) issued by Muslim Law Council that Muslims can have transplants and carry donor cards
-God does not put extra burdens (disobey islam to save life)
Global Warming causes
The Greenhouse effect
-burning fossil fuels so sun can’t get out
Natural Climate change
-climate has always been changing it had been warmer
-volcanoes and decaying plants produce CO2
Solar Activity
-star dust from Nebulas cause clouds that stop sun getting in but there is less star dust
