Environment And Natural Resources Flashcards
Natural resources
Renewable and non renewable
Problem
Human population grows at exponential rate while food production is linear
Environment question became an international debate from
1970’s
Stockholm summit
1972
Johannesburg summit
2002
United Nations environment program created in
1972
Drivers of internationalization of environmental issues
Scientific evidence (species extinction, global warming)
Public awareness (media, activism)
Globalization (interconnection and bf env problems are transnational)
Environment and security
-climate refugees
-food shortages
-natural disasters
Ex of natural disasters
Spain in 2024 with more than 200 deaths
Environment and security at greater risk
In poorer countries who do not have the mean to protect their citizens
Idea of Creation of green helmets
2011 by UN but idea never came reality
Natural resources and conflicts
Resource curse
-> countries w resources might have slow economic growth, more conflicts..)
Civil wars in Africa because of
Discover of valuable minerals such as diamonds
Sierra Leone
Democratic Republic of Congo
Climate insecurity led to
Growing tensions between rival regions in the Middle East w Israel and its neighbors
Us climate insecurity led to
Conflict between states such as Maryland and Virginia for Potomac
Tensions between. For the grand Ethiopian renaissance dam
Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt. Because location is on the blue Nile
Illegal armed groups and natural resources
Liberia’s civil war w Charles Taylor
He exploited resources
Wealth generated was used to fuel violence and human rights abuse instead of national development
Blood diamonds
Sierra Leone
Played a crucial role in the civil war
Provided financial lifeline to the rebels
Charles Taylor traded weapons for diamonds
Multinational corporations play a role in conflicts
Direct exploitation of the resources
Financing armed groups
Conflict commodities
Corruption and political manipulation
Number of international migrants has increased from. Between
185%
1960 and 2015
