Enviromental Safety Flashcards
<p>What are the biggest types of pollution with HGV Vehicles ?</p>
<p>Air pollution
Noise Pollution
Spillage and waste
Damage to infrastructure</p>
<p>How will Driving style and forward planning help fuel economy ?</p>
<p>A benefit of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) qualification is expected to be enhanced professionalism and reduced fuel consumption and emissions resulting from a better knowledge of ecosafe driving techniques. A driver’s skills are improved and poor driving habits are reduced. Anticipation of hazards ahead, and reading the road conditions and direction, can lead to more environmentally friendly driving as you will be in the right gear at the right speed and will eliminate unnecessary braking and acceleration.
Your engine will have an optimal speed for best fuel usage. You will be able to get information about this from the vehicle manufacturer. Most cars are built so that they have optimal fuel consumption at around 50mph. Trucks and buses will be different, depending on their commercial application. Sometimes, reducing your speed by a few miles per hour can make quite a lot of difference because wind resistance increases exponentially with speed.</p>
<p>How will speed limiters help save fuel ?</p>
<p>Speed limiters can help reduce your fuel usage as you will use more fuel if you exceed the speed limit. You should be aware of their effect, though, when you are overtaking. Avoid overtaking another vehicle that is also accelerating as it might start to exceed the speed that your vehicle is capable of. If it’s fitted with a speed limiter it must also be fitted with a plate in the cab.
Driving at 70mph uses around 30% more fuel than driving at 50mph.</p>
<p>How can maintenance help save fuel ?</p>
<p>Drivers can improve their fuel economy by regularly changing filters and ensuring their vehicle is serviced regularly. Poorly maintained engines use more fuel and emit more exhaust fumes than those that are well-maintained. A well-maintained engine could also be quieter, resulting in less noise pollution. Members of the public are encouraged to report vehicles emitting excessive exhaust fumes.</p>
<p>How can journey planning help save fuel ?</p>
<p>Drivers can improve fuel economy by planning journeys outside of busy times, or using technology that warns of traffic jams and reroutes the planned journey. It also makes for a more pleasant journey if you are not held up. Looking at a map before setting off will give you a better idea of alternative routes should your desired route be blocked. Of course, satellite navigation systems, whether standalone or phone based, will also be able to automatically reroute your journey if you turn off. Some systems will warn you of traffic or incidents ahead.</p>
<p>How does Aerodynamics help fuel economy ?</p>
<p>Use a cab-mounted wind deflector or air deflector to improve the aerodynamics of your cab and reduce the wind resistance; they will be especially effective in a headwind. Along with lower side panel skirts which channel air along the side of the vehicle rather than allowing it to hit the rear wheels, they will improve fuel economy. Keeping the height of your load to a minimum also reduces drag. A box truck such as the one shown on the left doesn’t have a wind deflector on the top of the cab, or side skirts. This means that wind doesn’t flow smoothly over the truck, and this increases wind resistance. Air flowing around the front tyres then hits the rear tyres, creating drag. Modern trucks are being designed in more aerodynamic ways with improved frontal profiles, wing mirrors and aerodynamic skirts.</p>
<p>How can tyres help save fuel</p>
<p>Energy-saving tyres can be used. They have a reduced rolling resistance as well as better grip, which reduces the amount of fuel you use. Whichever type of tyres you use, checking the pressures are correct can reduce fuel usage. Under-inflated tyres have increased rolling resistance, so pumping them up to the recommended level reduces rolling resistance. However, over-inflating them increases wear and also the chance of getting a puncture. The PDF linked from this page has more information about tyres that help with fuel efficiency.</p>
<p>What is the best fuel to use and how to use it securely ?</p>
<p>It is a legal requirement to ensure that your filler caps are securely fastened before driving off. This is because spilled fuel is a hazard to the environment and also to other road users (especially motorcyclists) as it is slippery. You must also clean up any fuel you have spilled. If you lose your filler cap you must replace it immediately; using a rag will not prevent against spillage.
You must not use red diesel unless you are authorised. Red diesel is subject to less excise duty than standard diesel, so it is considerably cheaper. It should only be used for authorised purposes. Any driver whose vehicle is found to be using this fuel illegally faces severe penalties. Red diesel has a red dye added so that it can be identified. Red diesel is used for applications such as home heating oil. If you are at a roadside check and staff from HM Revenue and Customs are there they will be looking for red diesel, as well as the type and legality of any load being carried.
Reducing emissions can be achieved by choosing a low sulphur diesel.
A driver that carries hazardous goods must be certified. This certification must be renewed every 5 years. The driver will have vocational training in fire-fighting, plus the environmental hazards that different types of goods can cause.</p>
<p>When should you not be noisy ?</p>
<p>You must not use your reverse warning bleeper between 11.30pm and 7am in 30mph areas. Try to avoid making unnecessary noise when driving and manoeuvring.
You must not use your horn in a built-up area between 11.30pm and 7am unless another vehicle poses a danger.</p>
<p>Whats the most efficient way to add air pressure to your vehicle ?</p>
<p>If your vehicle requires air pressure, the most environmentally friendly way of allowing it to build up is with the engine running at idle.
Air suspension can reduce the impact on the road surface, underground services and bridges by reducing the pressure of the weight of the vehicle driving on an uneven surface.</p>
What are the driver cpc modules
- CITY DRIVING – AVAILABLE ONLINE
- HIGHWAY CODE & SPOTTING HAZARDS – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-VEHICLE & PERSONAL SAFETY – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-VULNERABLE ROAD USERS – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-INTRODUCTION TO HEALTH & SAFETY – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-TRANSPORT & SITE RELATED HEALTH & SAFETY – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-DELIVERY DRIVING – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-MANUAL HANDLING – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-EMERGENCY FIRST AID
-ROAD TRAFFIC LAWS – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-DRIVERS HOURS & ROAD TRANSPORT (WORKING TIME) REGULATIONS – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-FUEL EFFICIENT DRIVING – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-DIGITAL TACHOGRAPH – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-DEALING WITH ON-ROAD OCCURRENCES – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-SAFE LOADING & UNLOADING OF GOODS VEHICLES – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-CUSTOMER SERVICE – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-DRIVING COMMERCIALLY IN THE UK – AVAILABLE ONLINE
-SAFE URBAN DRIVING
(FORS PROFESSIONAL)
VAN SMART
(FORS PROFESSIONAL)
-MANAGING WORK RELATED ROAD RISK IN THE TRANSPORT INDUSTRY
(FORS PROFESSIONAL)
How to improve the environment when driving
Plan Your Route – Planning your journey route before you leave will ensure you make the delivery on time and improve the efficiency of the company you are representing. By using the right technology (if you have access to it) such as a Sat Nav, the right journey route can be made for you, by avoiding bad weather or trafficking that will add driving time. This will help improve the environment because less mileage is being driven due to the awkward directing, so less petrol is used and pollution levels aren’t as increased.
Reduce Idling Time – If you aren’t planning on moving, turn your engine off! Same goes lights, computers, TV’s and the radio; it saves money and energy dramatically. Take advantage of places such as truck stops to save you on petrol and emitting greenhouse gasses into the atmosphere pointlessly.
Make Several Distributions – If you have more than one delivery to make, and you have enough room to merge the loads, then it only makes sense to make all the deliveries in one stop, right? This maximises trucking efficiency and saves petrol, further reducing vehicle emissions. In addition to this, ensure that the extra load you take doesn’t go over the weight limit of your HGV, is organised into the correct deliveries and isn’t filled up to cause damage to the load.
Relocate – If you have the money for it, and are really looking to reduce your carbon footprint, owning one central distribution centre could have a less environmental impact than a dispersed distribution system. This point mainly goes for companies that make and receive deliveries to and from warehouses.
Reduce Your Speed – Driving at 50mph uses 25% less fuel than 70mph, so slowing down will not only make your journey safer but will keep the air cleaner too.
What is Advanced anti-lock braking ?
Anti-lock brake systems (ABS) are designed to prevent the vehicle wheels from locking
as a result of the service brake (footbrake) being applied with too much force, especially
on slippery road surfaces. The purpose is to maintain cornering forces on braked wheels,
to ensure that the vehicle or vehicle combination retains its directional stability and
manoeuvrability as far as physically possible.
What is Anti slip regulation
Working as part of the ABS system, ASR prevents powered wheels from spinning. Tractive
power, cornering forces and stable driving behaviour are maintained when moving off,
accelerating or negotiating bends on slippery roads.
What is Electronic braking systems (EBS) ?
Electronic braking systems reduce the response and build-up times in brake cylinders.
This in turn reduces braking distance by several metres, which can be decisive in
some situations.
