Enviro SAC revision

Question 1

Pollution

Answer 1

The presence in or introduction into the environment of a substance or energy which has harmful or poisonous effects

Question 2

Waste

Answer 2

Waste is a material, substance or by-product that is discarded because it is no longer useful. Waste can become a pollutant if not treated properly.

Question 2

Dosage

Answer 2

The amount of pollution that us absorbed

Question 2

Contamination

Answer 2

The presence of a substance where it does not normally belong or is found at concentrations higher than background levels. All pollutants are contaminants but not all contaminants are pollutants

Question 2

Exposure

Answer 2

How much of a pollutant a person is exposed to in a given amount of time

Question 3

Point source

Answer 3

Come from a single point. These can be easier to manage

Question 3

Primary pollutant

Answer 3

Are emitted directly into the air from their source

Question 3

Toxicity

Answer 3

A measure of the harm a substance can cause to humans and other organisms.
Acute toxicity- Cause adverse health effects in a single does
Chronic toxicity- Causes adverse health effects due to repeated exposure over a longer period.

Question 3

Biomagnification

Answer 3

The process by which a substance increases its concentration in the tissues of organisms as it travels up the food chain

Question 3

Diffuse source

Answer 3

Come from a broad area and are harder to manage. Broken up into:
Fugitive emissions- escape from a variety of points around a building
Mobile emissions- come from mobile sources. e.g. - car.

Question 3

Secondary pollutant

Answer 3

Occur in atmosphere due to chemical reactions

Question 3

Teratogens

Answer 3

Substances that cause birth defects

Question 3

Carcinogens

Answer 3

Substances that cause cancer

Question 4

PM 2.5

Answer 4

Can get into deep parts of your lungs or even blood. e.g.- metals

Question 4

Types of pollution

Answer 4

Direct pollution- Pollutant is released directly into environment
Indirect pollution- when a pollutant finds its way indirectly into the environment. e.g. fertilisers running off soil into waterways

Question 5

PM 10

Answer 5

Affect the lung, nose and throat. e.g.- pollen

Question 5

Physical indicators

Answer 5

Measure physical factors. e.g.- temperature of water

Question 6

Chemical indicators

Answer 6

Measure chemical factors. e.g.- lead in the environment.

Question 7

Biological indicators

Answer 7

Measure biological factors. e.g.- number of frogs

Question 7

Pollutant sink

Answer 7

A process or place that removes, stores or absorbs the pollutant - e.g. plants taking in excess CO2 from the atmosphere

Question 8

Transport mechanisms

Answer 8

How the pollutant moves through the environment - e.g. via air currents

Question 9

5 types of pollution:

Answer 9

Air, land, noise, water, light

Question 10

Environmental indicators

Answer 10

Tell us what is happening to the environment