Enviro Flashcards
Vocab unit 1
Sustainability
The use and management of resources to meet the needs of the present global population without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs is a goal underlying all
environmental management strategies.
Photosynthesis
the process by which a plant uses the energy from the light of the sun to make its own food.
Carbon Cycle
the continuous movement of carbon between different living organisms on earth and between living organisms and the environment, through natural processes like photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition in the soil, and also the burning of fossil fuels.
layers of the atmosphere
TSMT - Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere
What layer of the atmosphere has the ozone layer
The stratosphere
temperature shifts in the atmosphere
https://cosscience1.pbworks.com/f/1248192549/Module8-005.gif
3 biotic and abiotic factors
Temperature, Ph, Light, abiotic
Animals, Plants, Bacteria Biotic
gases in the atmosphere
78% nitrogen 21% oxygen 0.9 argon 0.1 other gases
green house effect (Not the enhanced version)
when the suns energy hits the earths atmosphere the shortwave uv radiation reflects back to space and the rest get absorbed by the earth as longwave radiation (IR)
The IR is heated by greenhouse gases which are Water Vapour, CO2, Methane, Nitrous oxides, o3 and some artificial chemicals
Enhanced green house effect
The enhanced greenhouse effect is where extra greenhouse gases in our atmosphere trap too much of the Sun’s energy. This causes a warming effect, which some people call global warming.
Intra vs Inter
Intra - Within
Inter - Between
Independent Variable vs Dependent Variable
Independent variables change
Dependent variables are measured
Population
is a summation of all the organisms of the same group or species, which live in a
particular geographical area, and have the capability of interbreeding. In ecology,
the population of a certain species in a certain area is estimated using the Lincoln Index
optimum population
refers to the size of a population that produces the best results according
to chosen end targets.
Young population vs old population
young - aged / 0-14
old - aged / humans aged 65+
Green revolution
a large increase in crop production in developing countries achieved by the
use of fertilizers, pesticides, and high-yield crop varieties
overpopulation
a function of the number of individuals compared to the relevant resources,
such as the water and essential nutrients they need to survive. It can result from an increase in
births, a decline in mortality rates, an increase in immigration, or an unsustainable biome and
depletion of resources
under population
having a population lower than is normal or desirable
immigration
the action of coming to live permanently in a foreign country
emigration
the act of leaving one’s resident country with the intent to settle elsewhere.
Carrying capacity
of a biological species in an environment is the maximum population size of
the species that the environment can sustain indefinitely, given the food, habitat, water, and
other necessities available in the environment
Demographic transitional model
refers to the transition from high birth and death rates to low
birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic
system
Population pyramid
is a graphical illustration that shows the distribution of various age groups
in a population (typically that of a country or region of the world), which forms the shape of
a pyramid when the population is growing
Dependency ratio
young population + old population x 100 divided by population aged 15 to
64
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
the number of live births occurring among the population of a given
geographical area during a given year
Crude Death Rate (CDR)
number of deaths occurring among the population of a given
geographical area during a given yeaR
Total fertility rate (TFR)
the average number of children a woman would have assuming that
current age-specific birth rates remain constant throughout her childbearing years
Child Bearing Years
15 - 49
rate of population increase
equals the CBR – CDR.
Life expectancy
based on averages; the number of years that someone is expected to live from
a specific starting point; it changes as one grows older, and face different risks.
Population dynamics
The study of how and why populations change in size and how they can be managed
Migration
The movement of peoples from one place in the world to another
Population distribution
The way in which the population is spread out across a given area
Poplation density
The number of people living in a square kilometre (Or other unit of area)
