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Neoplasia > Enviomental factors > Flashcards

Enviomental factors Flashcards

2.3

1
Q

Estimated cancer incidence by site and sex

A

Male
1. Prostate cancer
2. Lung/ bronchus cancer
3. Colorectal cancer

Female
1. Breast cancer
2. Lung/ bronchus cancer
3. Colorectal cancer

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2
Q

Estimate cancer death by site and sex

A

Male
1. Lung/ bronchus cancer
2. Prostate cancer
3. Colorectal cancer

Female
1. Lung/ bronchus cancer
2. Breast cancer
3. Colorectal cancer

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3
Q

Most common cancer with greatest mortality in children < 15 yr

A
  1. Leukemia
  2. Brain and spinal cord
  3. Neuroblastoma
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4
Q

Cancers that are detected late

A

Cancer detected late have a BAD prognosis

Example: Ovarian, pancreatic and lung

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5
Q

Environmental factor for cancer

A

Environmental factor are the most dominant risk for most cancers.

Exposure to ASBESTOS (shipyard workers) is likely to lead to LUNG cancer than mesothelian.

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6
Q

Aniline Dyes

A

Bladder cancer

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7
Q

Benzene

A

Leukemia (AML)

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8
Q

Asbestos

A

Bronchogenic ( lung cancer) higher than mesothelioma

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9
Q

Arsenic

A

Skin and Lung cancer

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10
Q

Cigarette smoking

A

Lung cancer ( squamous and small cell)

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11
Q

Vinyl Chloride (PVC pipes)

A

Hepatic angiosarcoma

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12
Q

PVC pipes

A

Vinyl Chloride - Hepatic angiosarcoma

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13
Q

Aflatoxins

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

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14
Q

Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)

A
  1. Burkitt lymphoma
  2. Hodgkin lymphoma
  3. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
  4. Oral hairy leukoplakia
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14
Q

Human papillomavirus (HPV)

A

Squamous cell carcinoma of cervix and anogenital squamous papilloma

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15
Q

Hepatitis B virus (HBV)

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

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16
Q

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)

A

Kaposi sarcoma

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17
Q

Ultraviolet light

A

Skin cancer

18
Q

Ionizing radiation (X-rays and gamma radiation)

A
  1. Leukemia ( AML AND CML)
  2. Papillary thyroid cancer
  3. Osteosarcoma
  4. Liver angiosarcoma
19
Q

Barret esophagus

A

Adenocarcinoma

20
Q

Chronic gastritis (H pylori)

A

Adenocarcinoma

21
Q

Inflammatory bowel disease ( CD and UC)

A

Colorectal cancer

22
Q

Chronic pancreatitis (alcoholism)

A

Pancreatic cancer

23
Q

Chronic hepatitis (Hepatitis B and C)

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

24
Q

Chronic cholecystitis ( stones, bacteria or bile)

A

Gallbladder cancer

25
Q

Chronic cervicitis (HPV)

A

Cervical cancer

26
Q

Chronic Cystitis ( Schistosomiasis)

A

Bladder cancer

27
Q

Sjogren and Hashiomoto thyroiditis

A

MALT lymphoma

28
Q

Asbestosis and silicosis ( asbestos fibers and silica particles)

A

Mesothelioma
if you see lung cancer that is first pick.

29
Q

Osteomyelitis (bacteria)

A

Draining sinuses cancers

30
Q

Leukoplakia

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

31
Q

Endometrial hyperplasia

A

Endometrial cancer

32
Q

Villous adenoma

A

Colorectal cancer

33
Q

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC)
Gene?

A

MLH1/MSH2
Autosomal dominant

34
Q

Fanconi anemia
gene?

A

FANC
Autosomal recessive

35
Q

Ataxia telangiectasia

Gene?

A

Gene - ATM
Autosomal recessive

36
Q

Li- Fraumeni syndrome
Gene?

A

TP53
Autosomal dominant

37
Q

Von Hippel- Lindai disease
gene?

A

VHL
Autosomal dominant

38
Q

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)

A

APC
Autosomal dominant

39
Q

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2a)
Gene?

A

RET
Autosomal dominant

40
Q

Familial retinoblastoma

A

RB1
Autosomal dominant

41
Q

neurofibromatosis Type 1

A

NF1
Autosomal dominant

42
Q

Familial breast and ovarian cancer

A

BRCA1/BRCA2
Autosomal dominant

Neoplasia (7 decks)

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