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MDL 251 Micro Unit 3 > Enterobacteriaceae > Flashcards

Enterobacteriaceae Flashcards

1
Q

General biochemical characteristics of Enterobacteriaceae

A 
Gram-negative rod
reduce nitrates to nitrites
Inability to produce oxidase
Facultative anaerobic metabolism
(prefers reduced oxygen environment)
Fermentation of glucose
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2
Q

Lactose positive Enterobacteriaceae

A

E. coli
K. pneumoniae
C. freundii

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3
Q

Lactose negative Enterobacteriaceae

A

P. mirablis
Salmonella
Shigella

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4
Q

Media to know

A 
MacConkey
Hektoen Enteric
XLD
MacSor
Tetrathionate
TCBS
CIN
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5
Q

O Antigens

A

associated with cell wall; are heat stable and allow for groupings (0157)

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6
Q

K Antigens

A

associated with capsule around cell wall; responsible for inhibition of agglutination by specific antibody

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7
Q

H Antigens

A

associated with flagella;

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8
Q

EHEC Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli

A

produces a deadly bloody diarrhea often associated with Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, caused by strain 0157:H7 from undercooked beef or raw milk

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9
Q

IMVIC

A

Indole
Methyl red
Voges proskaur
Citrate

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10
Q

Indole Principle

A

Determine the presence of the enzyme tryptophanase

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11
Q

Indole Spot Test Result

A

Positive - blue color within 20 seconds

Negative - no color or slight pink

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12
Q

Indole Results

A

Positive - pink to wine colored ring

Negative - no color change

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13
Q

Methyl Red/Voges Proskaur Principle

A

determines ability of an organism to produce and maintain stable acid products from glucose fermentation

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14
Q

MRVP Results

A

Positive - Red color

Negative - Yellow color

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15
Q

Citrate Principle

A

To determine the ability to convert citrate to pyruvate

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16
Q

Citrate Results

A

Positive - growth with or without color change

Negative - Absence of growth

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17
Q

Oxidase Principle

A

To ID oxidase negative Enterobacteriaceae from other gram negative bacilli

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18
Q

Oxidase Results

A

Positive - dark purple within 10 seconds

Negative - Absence of color

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19
Q

TSI Results

A

Acid (A) - yellow
Alkaline (K) - red
H2S production - black
Gas: bubbles

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20
Q

LIA Results

A

Acid (A) - yellow
Alkaline (K) - purple
H2S - black butt
Deaminase (R) - Red slant

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21
Q

TSI A/A

A

glucose and lactose or sucrose fermented

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22
Q

TSI K/A

A

only glucose fermented

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23
Q

TSI K/K

A

no carbohydrates fermented

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24
Q

LIA K/K/black

A

LDC pos/glucose neg/H2S positive

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25
Q

LIA K/A

A

LDC neg/glucose positive

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26
Q

LIA A/A

A

LDC neg/glucose positive

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27
Q

LIA R/A

A

LDA pos/glucose pos

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28
Q

E. coli

biochemical features

A

Lactose +
Oxidase -
Indole +
H2S -

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29
Q

K. pneumoniae

biochemical features

A

Lactose +
Oxidase -
Indole -
H2S -

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30
Q

C. freundii

biochemical features

A

Lactose +
Oxidase -
Indole -
H2S +

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31
Q

P. mirablis

biochemical features

A

Lactose -
Oxidase -
Indole -
H2S +

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32
Q

Salmonella

biochemical features

A

Lactose -
Oxidase -
Indole -
H2S +

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33
Q

Shigella

biochemical features

A

Lactose -
Oxidase-
Indole -
H2S -

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34
Q

Y. enterocolitica

biochemical features

A

Lactose -
Oxidase -
Indole -
H2S -

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35
Q

P. aeruginosa

biochemical features

A

Lactose -
Oxidase +
Indole -
H2S -

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36
Q

V. cholera

biochemical features

A

Lactose +
Oxidase +
Indole +
H2S -

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37
Q

Acinetobacter

biochemical features

A

Lactose -
Oxidase -
Indole -
H2S - -

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38
Q

S. maltophilia

biochemical features

A

Lactose -
Oxidase -
Indole -
H2S -

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39
Q

E. corrodens

biochemical features

A

Lactose +/-
Oxidase +
Indole -
H2S N/A

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40
Q

P. multocida

biochemical features

A

Lactose -
Oxidase +
Indole +
H2S -

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41
Q

L. pneumophilia

biochemical features

A

Lactose ?
Oxidase +
Indole ?
H2S ?

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42
Q

E. coli Habitat

A

Normal gut flora

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43
Q

E. coli special media and growth

A

MacSor to isolate 0157:H7, EMB green metallic sheen

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44
Q

E. coli diseases

A

UTI, neonatal meningitis, gastroenteritis & nosocomial infections

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45
Q

E. coli notes

A

Most common clinical isolate

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46
Q

K. pneumoniae habitat

A

Humans, animals, soil, sewage

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47
Q

K. pneumoniae diseases

A

Rarely pathogenic in healthy population, but severe pneumonia in compromised population

48
Q

K. pneumoniae notes

A

Non motile

49
Q

C. freundii habitat

A

Environment

50
Q

C. freundii diseases

A

Associated with hospitalized and compromised patients, URI and RTI

51
Q

C. freundii notes

A

Only lactose + H2S producer

52
Q

P. mirablis habitat

A

Moist environments

53
Q

P. mirablis diseases

A

Antibiotic resistant diarrhea, chronic UTIs, kidney stones

54
Q

P. mirablis notes

A

Swarms on blood and chocolate (*vulgaris strain indole pos)

55
Q

Salmonella habitat

A

Environment

56
Q

Salmonella special media

A

SS agar, tetrathionate broth

57
Q

Salmonella Diseases

A

Gastroenteritis/diarrhea, bacteremia/extraintestinal infections, typhoid fever

58
Q

Salmonella Notes

A

Only lactose - H2S producer

59
Q

Shigella habitat

A

Not normal flora

60
Q

Shigella special media

A

SS agar, tetrathionate broth

61
Q

Shigella diseases

A

Diarrhea, dysentery

62
Q

Shigella notes

A

Non motile

63
Q

Y. enterocolitica habitat

A

Domesticated animals, not normal human flora

64
Q

Y. enterocolitica special media

65
Q

Y. enterocolitica diseases

A

infections of wounds, joints, UTI

66
Q

P. aeruginosa habitat

A

Environmental, not normal human flora

67
Q

P. aeruginosa special media or growth

A

Cetrimide agar, growth at 42 degrees C

68
Q

P. aeruginosa diseases

A

Opportunistic and nosocomial infections; folliculitis, otitis externa, cystic fibrosis, UTI, septicemia.

69
Q

P. aeruginosa notes

A

Resistant to antimicrobials. Common in soil/water. Colonies blue-green, has grapelike odor

70
Q

V. cholera habitat

A

Not normal flora

71
Q

V. cholera special media or growth

A

Yellow colonies on TCBS

72
Q

V. cholera diseases

A

Rice water stools

73
Q

V. cholera notes

A

not normal flora, contaminates water

74
Q

Acinetobacter habitat

A

Environment, may be normal in patients

75
Q

Acinetobacter Diseases

A

Nosocomial, esp. during warm months, UTIs, respitory, wounds, soft tissue and bacteremia

76
Q

Acinetobacter notes

A

Major outbreak during Iraq and Afghanistan wars

77
Q

S. maltophilia habitat

A

Environment, may be normal in patients

78
Q

S. maltophilia diseases

A

Opportunistic and nosocomial

79
Q

S. maltophilia notes

A

Intrinsic resistance to antibacterials, ammonia odor

80
Q

E. corrodens habitat

A

Normal flora of mouth and GI tract

81
Q

E. corrodens Diseases

A

Bite wounds, head and neck infections, pneumonia aspirations, endocarditis (slow to develop)

82
Q

E. corrodens notes

A

bleach like odor, pitting or corrosion of agar

83
Q

P. multocida habitat

A

wild animals, nasopharynx and GI

84
Q

P. multocida diseases

A

Bite or scratch or animal exposure leads to soft tissue infections, systemic; meningitis, endocarditis, septicemia

85
Q

P. multocida notes

A

may have mushroom or musty odor

86
Q

L. pneumophilia habitat

A

Community & nosocomial acquired

87
Q

L. pneumophilia growth or media

A

serotyping required, growth on BYCE

88
Q

L. pneumophilia diseases

A

Acute pneumonia w/non productive cough, myalgia, diarrhea, hyponatremia, elevated liver enzymes

89
Q

E. coli media growth

A

Blood - growth
Mac - LF - flat dry pink colonies
XLD - yellow
HE - yellow

90
Q

K. pneumoniae media growth

A

Blood - growth; mucoid
Mac - LF, mucoid
HE - Yellow
XLD - Yellow

91
Q

C. freundii media growth

A

blood - growth
Mac - Late LF
HE - no color
XLD - Red or yellow with black center

92
Q

P. mirablis media growth

A

blood - swarm growth
Mac - NLF, swarm
HE - no color
XLD - yellow or colorless with black center

93
Q

Salmonella media growth

A

blood - growth
Mac - NLF
HE - green blk center
XLD - red w/blk center

94
Q

Shigella media growth

A

blood - growth
Mac - NLF, flat w/jagged edges
HE - Green
XLD - colorless

95
Q

Y. enterocolitica media growth

A

Mac - NLF; may be colorless to peach
HE - Salmon
XLD - yellow or colorless

96
Q

P. aeruginosa media growth

A

Mac - NLF
HE - Colorless, media turns dark blue
XLD - pink, flat rough colonies

97
Q

Which test in the IMViC will indicate glucose fermentation byproducts?

A

Methyl Red/Vioges Proskaur

98
Q

Which organism appears to swarm on BAP?

A

P. mirabilis

99
Q

Which organism may exhibit a red pigment on BAP, that differentiates it from other Enterobacteriaceae

A

S. marcescens

100
Q

Which organisms in the Enterobacteriaceae family will be subject to serotyping to confirm their identity? Which antigens are involved?

A

Salmonella, O, H, and K

101
Q

Which organisms exhibits slow lactose fermentation?

A

C. freundii

102
Q

Which organism produces a characteristic mucoid colony?

A

K. pneumonia

103
Q

Which biochemical reactions would you use to differentiate Proteus spp. from Salmonella spp.?

A

Urea test?

104
Q

How would you differentiate Klebsiella spp. from Enterobacter spp?

105
Q

Which test would differentiate P. mirabilis from P. vulgaris

106
Q

Name the only lactose fermenting, H2S producer in the family of Enterobacteriaceae.

A

Citrobacter

107
Q

Name special selective agars for E. coli 0157:H7, Y. enterocolitica, V. vulnificus, Salmonella and Shigella, B. cepacia

A

NEED ANSWER!!!

108
Q

Which organism produces a distinctive purplish hue on MacConkey? Is this lactose fermentation

A

Acinetobacter spp. and no

109
Q

How would you differentiate an organism like S. maltophilia from Acinetobacter spp. or Pseudomonas spp.

A

NEED ANSWER!!!

110
Q

What are the pigments produced by P. aeruginosa?

A

NEED ANSWER!!!

111
Q

How can P. aeruginosa be distinguished from fluorescent pseudomonads?

A

NEED ANSWER!!!

112
Q

How would an LIA slant help you differentiate P. aeruginosa from V. parahemolyticus?

A

NEED ANSWER!!!

113
Q

What odors are associated with P aeruginosa and S. maltophilia

A

P. aeruginosa - grapelike or corn-tortilla

S. maltophilia - ammonia

114
Q

What characteristic color may be associated with Acinetobacter on Mac?

115
Q

How does salmonella spp. appear on HE and Mac plates?

A

HE - green w/black center

Mac - NLF

116
Q

How does E. coli appear on HE and Mac plates?

A

HE - orange

Mac - fluorescent pink

MDL 251 Micro Unit 3 (1 decks)

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