Entamoeba Histloytica

Question 1

Clinically to denote all conditions produced in human host
by infection with E. histolytica at different areas of invasion.

Answer 1

Amoebiasis

Question 2

2 types of amoebiasis (complications)

Answer 2

(1) intestinal and (2) extraintestinal amoebiasis.

Question 3

Intestinal amoebiasis is clinically classified into:

Answer 3

(a) asymptomatic, and (b) symptomatic infections.

Question 4

Majority of infections with E. histolytica - occurs in approximately 90% of cases especially in
endemic communities.

Answer 4

Asymptomatic infection

Question 5

There is NO evidence of tissue invasion.

Answer 5

Asymptomatic infection

Question 6

Only about 10% of amoebiasis - exhibiting symptoms occurs when the mucosa is invaded.

Answer 6

Symptomatic infections

Question 7

Other name for Acute amoebic colitis

Answer 7

Amoebic dysentery

Question 8

Characterized by
gradual or sudden onset, with 6-10 or more blood-tinged, mucoid, foul-smelling stools per day.

Answer 8

Acute amoebic colitis or amoebic dysentery

Question 9

May resemble bacillary dysentery, but can be differentiated on
clinical and laboratory grounds.

Answer 9

Acute amoebic colitis or amoebic dysentery

Question 10

Uncommon (only if
rectum is involved), low-grade fever or none at all, and mild leukocytosis.

Answer 10

Tenesmus

Question 11

Characterized by intermittent diarrhea and constipation. i.e.,
alternating diarrhea and constipation, or abdominal pain.

Answer 11

Chronic amoebic colitis, aka nondysenteric amoebic colitis.

Question 12

A process wherein proteins, bind to specific carbohydrate-containing receptors on host luminal surfaces and mediate adherence.

Answer 12

Cytoadherence

Question 13

A group of proteins,
bind to specific carbohydrate-containing receptors on host luminal surfaces and mediate adherence.

Answer 13

Trophozoite lectins

Question 14

A process wherein E. Histolytica is capable of inserting into the host cell membrane and form pores causing lysis of the host cells.

Answer 14

Cytolysis

Question 15

Proteins of amoeba
capable of inserting into the host cell membrane and form pores causing lysis of the host cells.

Answer 15

Amoebapores

Question 16

Process where enzymes are used for further tissue lysis.

Answer 16

Proteolysis

Question 17

Enzymes that are responsible for further tissue lysis.

Answer 17

Cysteine proteinase enzymes

Question 18

More often, the trophozoites penetrate to
submucosal layer and multiplies rapidly,
and spread by lateral and downward extension producing a typical

Answer 18

Flask- shaped (or tear drop-shaped) ulcer

Question 19

The ulcers may involve
the muscular and serous coats of the colon, causing perforation and peritonitis.

Answer 19

Colonic perforation

Question 20

Occurs in about 60% of fulminant cases.

Blood vessel erosion may cause hemorrhage.

Answer 20

Colonic perforation.

Question 21

A granulomatous mass may develop
on the intestinal wall.

It is the result of cellular responses to a chronic ulcer and often still contains active trophozoites, usually
in the cecum or rectosigmoid.

Answer 21

Amoeboma

Question 22

It produces wall thickening and or constriction of the lumen, the so-called ~

Answer 22

“napkin ring” lesion

Question 23

This may be mistaken for colon cancer.

Answer 23

Amoeboma

Question 24

Result of trophozoites entering portal circulation or by direct
extension from the intestinal tissues and becoming lodged in the
liver, and other extraintestinal organs such as the lungs, brain,
spleen and cutaneous sites.

Answer 24

Extraintestinal amoebiasis.

Question 25

Most common extra intestinal complication of amoebiasis.

Answer 25

Hepatic amoebiasis

Question 26

Hepatic amoebiasis covers both:

Answer 26

amoebic hepatitis and amoebic liver abscess (ALA).

Question 27

The trophozoites lyze liver
cells and forms abscess.

Answer 27

Amoebic liver abscess (ALA)

Question 28

Amoebic liver abscess (ALA) forms abscess filled with necrotic debris
described as -

Answer 28

Anchovy sauce or chocolate pus

Question 29

The patient presents with pneumonia with
expectoration of anchovy sauce or chocolate sputum.

Answer 29

Pulmonary amoebiasis

Question 30

The usual area affected pulmonary amoebiasis

Answer 30

Lower part of the right lung

Question 31

Involvement of distant organs is by hematogenous
spread and through lymphatics.

Answer 31

Metastatic amoebiasis

Question 32

Abscesses in kidney, brain, spleen and
adrenals have been noticed. Spread to brain leads to severe
destruction of brain tissue and is fatal.

Answer 32

Metastatic amoebiasis

Question 33

Result of damaged skin frequently brought
in contact with trophozoites.

Answer 33

Cutaneous amoebiasis

Question 34

It occurs commonly around the perineum or
perianal region secondary to amoebic dysentery, also on the skin over the
region adjoining the visceral lesion

Answer 34

Cutaneous amoebiasis

Question 35

Prepuce and glans are affected and it is acquired through anal intercourse.

Answer 35

Genitourinary amoebiasis