ENT Radiology

Question 1

What is the role of CT scans in cholesteatoma?

Answer 1

Not to diagnose cholesteatoma, but to determine extent of erosion and anatomical variants before going into surgery

Question 2

Order of middle ear bones

Answer 2

from tympanic membrane in
MIS

Mallesus
Incus
Stapes

Question 3

What forms the “ice cream cone” of the middle ear on CT?

Answer 3

Ice cream - malleus

cone - incus

Question 4

What structure makes up the roof of the middle ear?

Answer 4

Tegmen (with dura above)

Question 5

Course of facial nerve

Answer 5

Through Cerebellar pontine angle

through internal auditory meatus

labyrinthine portion

bends back on itself (anterior genu)

through tympanic segment

through mastoid segment (bubbly bit at posterior)

Through stylomastoid foramen

Question 6

Which two vessels are important around the ear?

Answer 6

jugular vein/bulb has a thin bony cover

internal carotid artery

Question 7

What is an acoustic neuroma?

Answer 7

Benign growth of 8th nerve

now called vestibular schwanomma

Question 8

Three functions of sinuses

Answer 8

• Breathing
• Smell
• Defense

Question 9

Complications of sinus surgery

Answer 9

• Orbital injury
- Penetration
- Haemorrhage
• CSF leak
• Nerve injury
• Carotid injury

Question 10

T1 vs T2 on MRI

Answer 10

T1
• Fat high signal (white)
• Water low signal (black)

T2:
• H20 high signal (white)
• Fat low signal (black)

Most head and neck
malignancies high signal
on T2 imaging