ENT/optho Flashcards
Meniere disease
Episodic vertigo, SNHL, tinnitus
Rx: diuretics, salt restriction
Acoustic Neuroma
Vestibular Schwannoma
Tumor originating from vestibular portion of CN VIII
sxs: unilateral SNHL, tinnitus
Dx: MRI
Dix-Hallpike maneuver
Test for BPPV
triggers nystagmus and dizziness
Samter’s Triad
Asthma, ASA sensitivity, nasal polyps
Nasal polyps in kids associated with CF
Strophic Glossitis
Smooth, glossy appearance.
Atrophy fill inform papillae
Multiple causes: nutrition deficient (iron, B12, folate), malnutrition, infection (syphilis, candida), Sjogren, Celiac
Conjunctivitis
Copious purulence= gonorrhea
Fluorescein exam if unilateral to r/o ulcer
Quinolone for contact lense wearers (pseudomonas)
Cataract
Vision worse at night, halo around lights
Retinal Artery Occlusion
Unilateral, sudden, painless vision loss
Amaurosis fugax: shade coming down
Assoc with A Fib, carotid disease, temporal arthritis
Exam: Cherry red spot on pale macula
Retinal Vein Occlusion
Blurry vision upon waking, worsens over hours to complete blindness
Assoc with DM
Exam: diffuse retinal hemorrhage, cotton wool spots. “Blood and thunder” fundus
Retinal Detachment
Sudden onset flashes of light, floaters,curtain coming across
Macular Degeneration
1 cause of non-reversal blindness (diabetic retinopathy in age
Hypertensive Retinopathy
Exam: AV nicking (chronic)
Cotton wool spots->optic doc edema if acute (hypertensive emergency)
Rx: aggressive BP control
Open Glaucoma
Older black person
Increase cup/disk ratio
Insidious onset- screen with IOP
Closed Glaucoma
Sudden rise in IOP
Sudden, severe, unilateral eye pain, blurriness, N/V. Often dark environ.
Exam: injected conj, fixed mid-dilated pupil, cloudy (steamy) cornea
Optic Neuritis
Unilateral rapid progressive central vision loss
Loss of color vision
Consider MS
Rx: IV steroids
