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CSS PA Fun Med > ENT Meds Backup COPY > Flashcards

ENT Meds Backup COPY Flashcards

1
Q

CiprofloxaCIN

A

Anti-infective w/o steroid

Fluoroquinilone; Strong abx - use for Pseudomonas (cellulitis present)

Otitis Externa <1 week - culture; could be fungal>

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2
Q

OfloxaCIN

A

Anti-infective w/o steroid

Fluoroquinilone; Strong abx - use for Pseudomonas (cellulitis present)

Otitis Externa <1 week - culture; could be fungal>

AOM

**OK for TUBED EARS!

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3
Q

NeomyCIN

A

Anti-infective w/o steroid

Otitis Externa <1 week - culture; could be fungal>

  • Ototoxic* - NEVER in TUBED EARS!
  • Itchy rash* common
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4
Q

BacitraCIN

A

Anti-infective w/o steroid

Otitis Externa <1 week - culture; could be fungal>

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5
Q

MupiroCIN

A

Anti-infective w/o steroid

Otitis Externa <1 week - culture; could be fungal>

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6
Q

polymyxin B/neomyCIN/bacitraCIN (OTC)

A

Anti-infective w/o steroid

Otitis Externa <1 week - culture; could be fungal>

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7
Q

CiprofloxaCIN/hydrocortisone

A

Anti-infective w/ corticosteroid

(Corticosteroid reduces inflam, relieves symptoms)

Otitis Externa <1 week - culture; could be fungal>

Contraindication: Hypersensitivity

Side Effects: Ear pain, irritability, residue

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8
Q

CiprofloxaCIN/dexamethasone

A

Anti-infective w/ corticosteroid

(Corticosteroid reduces inflam, relieves symptoms)

Otitis Externa <1 week - culture; could be fungal>

Contraindication: Hypersensitivity

Side Effects: Ear pain, irritability, residue

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9
Q

Hydrocortisone/neomyCIN/polymyxin B

A

Anti-infective w/ corticosteroid

(Corticosteroid reduces inflam, relieves symptoms)

Otitis Externa <1 week - culture; could be fungal>

Contraindication: Hypersensitivity

Side Effects: Ear pain, irritability, residue

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10
Q

Hydrocortisone/neomyCIN/colistin

A

Anti-infective w/ corticosteroid

(Corticosteroid reduces inflam, relieves symptoms)

Otitis Externa <1 week - culture; could be fungal>

Contraindication: Hypersensitivity

Side Effects: Ear pain, irritability, residue

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11
Q

Chloroxylenol/pramoxine/hydrocortisone

A

Anti-infective w/ corticosteroid

(Corticosteroid reduces inflam, relieves symptoms)

Otitis Externa <1 week - culture; could be fungal>

Contraindication: Hypersensitivity

Side Effects: Ear pain, irritability, residue

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12
Q

Acetic ACID/aluminum acetate

A

Acid-alcohol solution

Use: Otitis Externa <1 week- culture; could be fungal>

Caution: tubes/perforated eardrums

Side Effects: Stinging/burning, local irritation

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13
Q

Acetic ACID/propylene glycol

A

Acid-alcohol solution

Use: Otitis Externa <1 week- culture; could be fungal>

Caution: tubes/perforated eardrums

Side Effects: Stinging/burning, local irritation

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14
Q

Acetic ACID/propyleneglycol/hydrocortisone

A

Acid-alcohol solution

Use: Otitis Externa <1 week- culture; could be fungal>

Caution: tubes/perforated eardrums

Side Effects: Stinging/burning, local irritation

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15
Q

Isopropyl ALCOHOL/glycerine

A

Acid-alcohol solution

Use: Otitis Externa <1 week- culture; could be fungal>

Caution: tubes/perforated eardrums

Side Effects: Stinging/burning, local irritation

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16
Q

Isopropyl ALCOHOL/propylene glycol

A

Acid-alcohol solution

Use: Otitis Externa <1 week- culture; could be fungal>

Caution: tubes/perforated eardrums

Side Effects: Stinging/burning, local irritation

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17
Q

Isopropyl ALCOHOL(95%)/anhydrous glycerine(5%)

A

Alcohol solution

Water clogged ears

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18
Q

50:50 acetic ACID (5%) + isopropy ALCOHOL (95%)

A

Acid-alcohol solution

Water clogged ears

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19
Q

Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen

A

Analgesic

AOM

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20
Q

Amoxicillin

A

Oral Antibiotic

AOM

<6 mo+ Bilateral or Unilateral AOM + severe signs/symptoms; 6-23mo Bilateral AOM>

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21
Q

Amoxicillin/clavulanate

A

Oral Antibiotic

B-lactamase coverage necessary if recent amoxicillin usage or past resistance

AOM

<6 mo+ Bilateral or Unilateral AOM + severe signs/symptoms; 6-23mo Bilateral AOM>

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22
Q

Carbamide peroxide 6.5%

A

Cerumenolytic- MAX 4 DAYS - can damage TM

Contraindication- Tubes/Perforated Eardrums

Side effects/Adverse Rxn - Mild itching, burning, ear pain, erythema of ear canal, Allergic Rxns (EMERGENCY)

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23
Q

Triethanolamine polypeptide oleate

A

Cerumenolytic- MAX 4 DAYS - can damage TM

Contraindication- Tubes/Perforated Eardrums

Side effects/Adverse Rxn - Mild itching, burning, ear pain, erythema of ear canal, Allergic Rxns (EMERGENCY)

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24
Q

1:1 3% Hydrogen Peroxide and Warm Water

A

Cerumen softener

Contraindication- Tubes/Perforated Eardrums

Side effects/Adverse Rxn - Mild itching, burning, ear pain, erythema of ear canal, Allergic Rxns (EMERGENCY)

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25
Q

Glycerin

A

Emollient, humectant for Cerumen Impaction

Contraindication- Tubes/Perforated Eardrums

Side effects/Adverse Rxn - Mild itching, burning, ear pain, erythema of ear canal, Allergic Rxns (EMERGENCY)

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26
Q

Olive oil aka “sweet oil”

A

Cerumen Softener

Contraindication- Tubes/Perforated Eardrums

Side effects/Adverse Rxn - Mild itching, burning, ear pain, erythema of ear canal, Allergic Rxns (EMERGENCY)

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27
Q

Amino Esters

A

Anesthetic for Opthalmic exam/procedure

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28
Q

Proparacaine solution

A

Anesthetic for Opthalmic exam/procedure

Damage if used for days (shouldn’t be anyway)

Systemically Toxic

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29
Q

Tetracaine solution

A

Anesthetic for Opthalmic exam/procedure

Damage if used for days (shouldn’t be anyway)

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30
Q

Lidocaine

A

Anesthetic for Opthalmic exam/procedure

Damage if used for days (shouldn’t be anyway)

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31
Q

Sulfacetamide

A

Bacteriostatic

Conjunctivitis

Irritation falsely can look like failed tx

Contraindication - Sulfa allergy/hypersensitivity

Superinfections possible w/LT use

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32
Q

Tobramycin, gentamycin

A

Bacteriocidal

Conjunctivitis

Irritation falsely can look like failed tx

Contraindication - Hypersensitivity

Superinfections possible w/LT use

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33
Q

Bacitracin

A

Bacteriostatic

Conjunctivitis

Superinfections possible w/LT use

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34
Q

Erythromycin

A

Bacteriostatic

Conjunctivitis

Superinfections possible w/LT use

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35
Q

Ciprofloxacin

A

Inhibit DNA synthesis in bacteria;

Fluoroquinilone; Good for Contact wearers

Conjunctivitis

Superinfections possible w/LT use

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36
Q

Moxifloxacin

A

Inhibit DNA synthesis in bacteria;

Fluoroquinilone; Good for Contact wearers

Conjunctivitis

Superinfections possible w/LT use

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37
Q

Polymyxin B

A

Kills bacteria by causing cell wall permeability

Conjunctivitis

Superinfections possible w/LT use

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38
Q

Nedocromil 2% solution

A

Mast cell stabilizer - opthalmic

Allergic Conjunctivitis, Keratitis

Side effects - Stinging, blurred vision, photophobia, mydriasis, rhinitis, headache

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39
Q

Cromolyn sodium 4% solution

A

Mast cell stabilizer - opthalmic

Allergic Conjunctivitis, Keratitis

Side effects - Stinging, blurred vision, photophobia, mydriasis, rhinitis, headache

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40
Q

Lodoxamide 0.1% solution

A

Mast cell stabilizer - opthalmic

Allergic Conjunctivitis, Keratitis

Side effects - Stinging, blurred vision, photophobia, mydriasis, rhinitis, headache

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41
Q

Azelastine

A

Antihistamine

Allergic Conjunctivitis

Side effects - Stinging, blurred vision, photophobia, mydriasis, rhinitis, headache

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42
Q

Epinastine

A

Antihistamine

Allergic Conjunctivitis

Side effects - Stinging, blurred vision, photophobia, mydriasis, rhinitis, headache

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43
Q

Emedastine

A

Antihistamine

Allergic Conjunctivitis

Side effects - Stinging, blurred vision, photophobia, mydriasis, rhinitis, headache

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44
Q

Ketotifen (OTC)

A

Antihistamine

Allergic Conjunctivitis

Side effects - Stinging, blurred vision, photophobia, mydriasis, rhinitis, headache

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45
Q

Levocabastine

A

Antihistamine

Allergic Conjunctivitis

Side effects - Stinging, blurred vision, photophobia, mydriasis, rhinitis, headache

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46
Q

Olopatadine (RX)

A

Antihistamine

Allergic Conjunctivitis

Side effects - Stinging, blurred vision, photophobia, mydriasis, rhinitis, headache

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47
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Vasoconstrictor/Decongestant

Red Eye Relief

Avoid if CVD, HBP, enlarged prostate, contacts

Contraindication - Narrow-angle glaucoma

Side effects/Adverse Rxn - Rebound congestion/redness with overuse; systemic - tachycardia, arrhythmia aggravation; local - mydriasis, stinging, blurry vision

**increase pressor effects if used with MAOIs and tricyclics (INCREASED BP EFFECTS!)

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48
Q

Naphazoline

A

Vasoconstrictor/Decongestant

Red Eye Relief

Avoid if CVD, HBP, enlarged prostate, contacts

Contraindication - Narrow-angle glaucoma

Side effects/Adverse Rxn - Rebound congestion/redness with overuse; systemic - tachycardia, arrhythmia aggravation; local - mydriasis, stinging, blurry vision

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49
Q

Tetrahydrozoline

A

Vasoconstrictor/Decongestant

Red Eye Relief

Avoid if CVD, HBP, enlarged prostate, contacts

Contraindication - Narrow-angle glaucoma

Side effects/Adverse Rxn - Rebound congestion/redness with overuse; systemic - tachycardia, arrhythmia aggravation; local - mydriasis, stinging, blurry vision

50
Q

Oxymetazoline

A

Vasoconstrictor/Decongestant

Red Eye Relief

Avoid if CVD, HBP, enlarged prostate, contacts

Contraindication - Narrow-angle glaucoma

Side effects/Adverse Rxn - Rebound congestion/redness with overuse; systemic - tachycardia, arrhythmia aggravation; local - mydriasis, stinging, blurry vision

51
Q

Naphazoline + pheniramine

A

Vasoconstrictor/Decongestant

Allergic Conjunctivitis

Avoid if CVD, HBP, enlarged prostate, contacts

Contraindication - Narrow-angle glaucoma

52
Q

Naphazoline + antazoline

A

Vasoconstrictor/Decongestant

Allergic Conjunctivitis

Avoid if CVD, HBP, enlarged prostate, contacts

Contraindication - Narrow-angle glaucoma

53
Q

Cellulose derivatives

A

Lubricants for Dry Eye

54
Q

Polyvinal alcohol

A

Lubricants for Dry Eye

55
Q

Povidone and dextran 70

A

Lubricants for Dry Eye

56
Q

Lanolin, mineral oil, petrolatum, white ointment, white or yellow wax

A

Lubricants for Dry Eye

  • usually ointments - try if drops not sufficient
57
Q

Cyclosporin

A

Cyclosporine - inhibits IL2 for T-cell activity - for Dry Eye

Side effects - Immunosuppressant, burning

**Don’t prescribe

58
Q

Sodium Chloride (2-5%)

A

Pulls fluid out of eye - for Corneal Edema

59
Q

Cyclopentolate

A

Pupillary Dilation (Mydriasis) Agents

MOA - muscarinic agent - block PSNS Receptors (that would normally cause pupils to constrict if stimulated)

Differing times of effect

Contraindication - Closed-angle glaucoma

Side effects - Tachycardia, flushing, blurry vision, photophobia, dry mouth, slurred speech, drowsiness, hallucinations (VERY UNLIKELY), congestion, irritated eyes

60
Q

Homotropine

A

Pupillary Dilation (Mydriasis) Agents

MOA - muscarinic agent - block PSNS Receptors (that would normally cause pupils to constrict if stimulated)

Differing times of effect

Contraindication - Closed-angle glaucoma

61
Q

Tropicamide

A

Pupillary Dilation (Mydriasis) Agents

MOA - muscarinic agent - block PSNS Receptors (that would normally cause pupils to constrict if stimulated)

Differing times of effect

Contraindication - Closed-angle glaucoma

62
Q

Fluorescein

A

Yellow, water-soluble dye used to Detect corneal defects/abrasions

Can stain contacts

63
Q

LatanoPROST

A

Prostaglandin agonist; Increase outflow to decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Side Effects - Lengthening of eyelashes, iris pigmentation, eyelid darkening, intraocular inflammation, keratitis, macular edema, hyperemia

64
Q

BimatoPROST

A

Prostaglandin agonist; Increase outflow to decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Side Effects - Lengthening of eyelashes, iris pigmentation, eyelid darkening, intraocular inflammation, keratitis, macular edema, hyperemia

65
Q

TafluPROST

A

Prostaglandin agonist; Increase outflow to decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Side Effects - Lengthening of eyelashes, iris pigmentation, eyelid darkening, intraocular inflammation, keratitis, macular edema, hyperemia

66
Q

TravoPROST

A

Prostaglandin agonist; Increase outflow to decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Side Effects - Lengthening of eyelashes, iris pigmentation, eyelid darkening, intraocular inflammation, keratitis, macular edema, hyperemia

67
Q

UnoPROSTone

A

Prostaglandin agonist; Increase outflow to decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Side Effects - Lengthening of eyelashes, iris pigmentation, eyelid darkening, intraocular inflammation, keratitis, macular edema, hyperemia

68
Q

TimOLOL

A

B Antagonist “Blocker” of SNS in ciliary epithelium, decreasing aq. humor formation, decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Bradycardia, bronchospasm, depression, fatigue, dry eye

69
Q

CarteOLOL

A

B Antagonist “Blocker” of SNS in ciliary epithelium, decreasing aq. humor formation, decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Bradycardia, bronchospasm, depression, fatigue, dry eye

70
Q

LevobunOLOL

A

B Antagonist “Blocker” of SNS in ciliary epithelium, decreasing aq. humor formation, decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Bradycardia, bronchospasm, depression, fatigue, dry eye

71
Q

MetipranOLOL

A

B Antagonist “Blocker” of SNS in ciliary epithelium, decreasing aq. humor formation, decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Bradycardia, bronchospasm, depression, fatigue, dry eye

72
Q

BetaxOLOL

A

B Antagonist “Blocker” of SNS in ciliary epithelium, decreasing aq. humor formation, decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Most selective, least likely to have systemic cardiac effects; Bradycardia, bronchospasm, depression, fatigue, dry eye

73
Q

BrimonIDINE

A

α-2 Adrenergic Agonist, Vasoconstriction, decrease production of aq. humor, decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Side Effects - Ocular allergy, somnolence, bitter taste, dry mouth, hypotension, irregular heart rate

74
Q

ApraclonIDINE

A

α-2 Adrenergic Agonist, Vasoconstriction, decrease production of aq. humor, decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Side Effects - Ocular allergy, somnolence, bitter taste, dry mouth, hypotension, irregular heart rate

75
Q

AcetaZOLAMIDE

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; MOA - decrease volume of aq. Humor by slowing carbonic anhydrase, decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Contraindication - Sulfa Allergy

Side effect - Ocular irritation, sour taste

ORAL interacts with: Aspirin, Cyclosporine, Lithium, Phenytoin

76
Q

DorZOLAMIDE

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; MOA - decrease volume of aq. Humor by slowing carbonic anhydrase, decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Contraindication - Sulfa Allergy

Side effect - Ocular irritation, sour taste

77
Q

BrinZOLAMIDE

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; MOA - decrease volume of aq. Humor by slowing carbonic anhydrase, decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Contraindication - Sulfa Allergy

Side effect - Ocular irritation, sour taste

78
Q

MethaZOLAMIDE

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; MOA - decrease volume of aq. Humor by slowing carbonic anhydrase, decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Contraindication - Sulfa Allergy

Side effect - Ocular irritation, sour taste

79
Q

DichlorphenAMIDE

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; MOA - decrease volume of aq. Humor by slowing carbonic anhydrase, decrease IOP

Open-angle Glaucoma

Contraindication - Sulfa Allergy

Side effect - Ocular irritation, sour taste

80
Q

Pilocarpine

A

Direct Acting Cholinergic: ACh cholinergic agonist/PSNS activation.. Contracts iris sphincter.. Miotic. Open canal of Schlemm.. Increase outflow.. Decrease IOP (When pupil is small - iris can spread out away from trabecular meshwork)

Open-angle Glaucoma

Side Effects - Blurred vision, poor night vision, eye pain, headache

81
Q

Carbachol

A

Direct Acting Cholinergic: ACh cholinergic agonist/PSNS activation.. Contracts iris sphincter.. Miotic. Open canal of Schlemm.. Increase outflow.. Decrease IOP (When pupil is small - iris can spread out away from trabecular meshwork)

Open-angle Glaucoma

Side Effects - Blurred vision, poor night vision, eye pain, headache

82
Q

Echothiophate

A

Indirect Acting Cholinergic: bind to and inactivate cholinesterases.. Contracts iris sphincter.. Miotic. Open canal of Schlemm.. Increase outflow.. Decrease IOP (When pupil is small - iris can spread out away from trabecular meshwork)

Open-angle Glaucoma

IRREVERSIBLE, Very long half life; Blurred vision, poor night vision, eye pain, headache

83
Q

Timolol 0.5% + dorzolamide 2%

A

Combination Drop

Open-angle Glaucoma

84
Q

Mannitol, Glycerin

A

Hypertonic gradient pulls water f/intraocular and spinal fluids, decreases IOP

Closed-angle Glaucoma

Side effects - Headache, back pain, diuresis, circ overload, pulmonary edema, cerebral hemorrhage

85
Q

Pilocarpine Acetazolamide, Oral Glycerine

A

Aggressive combination approach

Closed-angle Glaucoma (Emergency)

86
Q

Beclomethasone

A

Corticosteroid

Allergic Rhinitis

Side effects - Bitter aftertaste, burning, epistaxis, headache, nasal dryness, possible systemic effects, stinging, throat irritation

87
Q

Budesonide

A

Corticosteroid

Allergic Rhinitis

Side effects - Bitter aftertaste, burning, epistaxis, headache, nasal dryness, possible systemic effects, stinging, throat irritation

88
Q

Ciclesonide

A

Corticosteroid

Allergic Rhinitis

Side effects - Bitter aftertaste, burning, epistaxis, headache, nasal dryness, possible systemic effects, stinging, throat irritation

89
Q

Flunisolid

A

Corticosteroid

Allergic Rhinitis

Side effects - Bitter aftertaste, burning, epistaxis, headache, nasal dryness, possible systemic effects, stinging, throat irritation

90
Q

Fluticasone furoate

A

Corticosteroid (Alcohol Free!)

Allergic Rhinitis

Side effects - Bitter aftertaste, burning, epistaxis, headache, nasal dryness, possible systemic effects, stinging, throat irritation

91
Q

Fluticasone propionate

A

Corticosteroid

Allergic Rhinitis

Side effects - Bitter aftertaste, burning, epistaxis, headache, nasal dryness, possible systemic effects, stinging, throat irritation

92
Q

Mometasone

A

Corticosteroid

Allergic Rhinitis

Side effects - Bitter aftertaste, burning, epistaxis, headache, nasal dryness, possible systemic effects, stinging, throat irritation

93
Q

Tramcinolone acetonide

A

Corticosteroid (Alcohol free!)

Allergic Rhinitis

Side effects - Bitter aftertaste, burning, epistaxis, headache, nasal dryness, possible systemic effects, stinging, throat irritation

94
Q

Chlorpheniramine

A

1st Gen Antihistamine, H1 Agonist (Oral)

Allergic Rhinitis

Contraindication - Driving, alcohol use, narrow angle glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia can occur

Side effect - Cross BBB - Sedation, Fatigue, Impaired mental status; Paradoxical stimulation in some children, elderly; Dry mouth

95
Q

Brompheniramine

A

1st Gen Antihistamine, H1 Agonist (Oral)

Allergic Rhinitis

Contraindication - Driving, alcohol use, narrow angle glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia can occur

Side effect - Cross BBB - Sedation, Fatigue, Impaired mental status; Paradoxical stimulation in some children, elderly; Dry mouth

96
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

1st Gen Antihistamine, H1 Agonist (Oral) **#1 Most effective! (aka Benadryl)

Allergic Rhinitis

Contraindication - Driving, alcohol use, narrow angle glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia can occur

Side effect - Cross BBB - Sedation, Fatigue, Impaired mental status; Paradoxical stimulation in some children, elderly; Dry mouth

97
Q

Clemastine

A

1st Gen Antihistamine, H1 Agonist (Oral)

Allergic Rhinitis

Contraindication - Driving, alcohol use, narrow angle glaucoma, prostatic hyperplasia can occur

Side effect - Cross BBB - Sedation, Fatigue, Impaired mental status; Paradoxical stimulation in some children, elderly; Dry mouth

98
Q

Loratadine

A

2nd Gen Antihistamine, H1 Agonist

Allergic Rhinitis

99
Q

Cetirizine

A

2nd Gen Antihistamine, H1 Agonist #2 most effective

Allergic Rhinitis

100
Q

Fexofenadine

A

2nd Gen Antihistamine, H1 Agonist

Allergic Rhinitis

101
Q

Desloratadine

A

2nd Gen Antihistamine, H1 Agonist

Allergic Rhinitis

102
Q

Azelastine

A

Antihistamine, Block H1 Receptors

Allergic Rhinitis

103
Q

Olopatadine

A

Antihistamine, Block H1 Receptors

Allergic Rhinitis

104
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Decongestant, Alpha-adrenergic agonist.. vasoconstriction

Allergic Rhinitis, Cold

Oral form does NOT work! Topical is Effective and lacks the side effects!

AVOID with Uncontrolled Hypertension, Precaution with - heart disease, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, enlarged prostate, narrow-angle glaucoma

Side Effects- Headache, elevated bp & IOP, tremor, urinary retention, dizziness, tachycardia, insomnia

105
Q

Pseudoephedrine

A

Decongestant, Alpha-adrenergic agonist.. vasoconstriction

Allergic Rhinitis, Cold

Controlled - ask pharmacist for this

AVOID with Uncontrolled Hypertension, Precaution with - heart disease, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, enlarged prostate, narrow-angle glaucoma

Side Effects- Headache, elevated bp & IOP, tremor, urinary retention, dizziness, tachycardia, insomnia

106
Q

Oxymetazoline

A

Decongestant, Alpha-adrenergic agonist.. vasoconstriction

Allergic Rhinitis, Cold

107
Q

Sinus Rinse

A

Allergic Rhinitis, Cold

108
Q

Cromolyn

A

Mast cell stabilizer

Allergic Rhinitis, Cold

May see allergist prescribe, not 1st line tx - 4-6x/day & 2-3 wks before works

109
Q

Ipratropium

A

Cholinergic Antagonist - block ACh R (block PSNS, decrease mucus)

Allergic Rhinitis

110
Q

MonteLUKast

A

Leukotriene R Antagonists

Allergic Rhinitis, Asthma

*elevates alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, bilirubin

111
Q

Immunotherapy

A

Subcutaneous injections for Allergic Rhinitis, Allergic Asthma

5-7 yrs, up to 12 yrs

112
Q

Common Cold Non-Pharm, Home Remedies

A

Humidifiers, rest, fluids

*Common cold is usually viral

113
Q

Acetaminophen

A

Analgesic

Fever, pain, headaches associated with common cold, AOM

114
Q

NSAIDS - ibuprofen, naproxen

A

Analgesic

Fever, pain, headaches associated with common cold, AOM

115
Q

Cough/cold meds

A

Ineffective

Not Safe for KIDS <6yo

116
Q

Codeine with Guaifenesin

A

Antitussive (Oral); Centrally mediated - opioid R - analgesia, sedation, cough suppression

Narcotic; Ineffective, just a sleep aid; Pro-drug w/variable metabolism: ineffective w/poor met., MORPHINE OVERDOSE w/high met.

Avoid in children <12yo

Side effects - SEDATION, nausea, constipation; AVOID Alcohol

117
Q

Hydrocodone with Chlorpheniramine

A

Antitussive; Centrally mediated - opioid R - analgesia, sedation, cough suppression

Narcotic; Ineffective, just a sleep aid

Avoid in children <12yo

Side effects - SEDATION, nausea, constipation; AVOID Alcohol

118
Q

Dextromethorphane

A

Antitussive; Centrally mediated - at medulla - elevates threshold for cough reflex

Nonproductive cough

Maybe has benefit

Side effects - DROWSINESS, GI effects

Interacts with MAO Inhibitors - Serotonin Syndrome (muscle twitching, tremors, shivering or stiffness, fever, heavy sweating, heart palpitations, restlessness, confustion, agitation, trouble w/coordination, or severe diarrhea)

119
Q

Benzonatate

A

Antitussive; Anesthetizes resp passage, lung, pleural stretch receptors (reduces cough reflex)

Maybe has benefit; Prodrug

Hypersensitivity, GI upset, sedation

120
Q

Guaifenesin

A

Expectorant; thinning of mucus to enhance clearance

Productive cough

Maybe has benefit

*Counsel to Increase Fluid Intake

Side effects - GI effects

121
Q

Benzocaine, Dyclonine, Phenol, Menthol

A

Local Anesthetic (Topical)

for Sore throat, cough

122
Q

Non pharm, Sore throat, Cough Remedies

A

Saline gargle, buckwheat honey, lots of water

CSS PA Fun Med (4 decks)

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