ENT Lab Flashcards
What should the outer portion of the ear look like?
inner?
- hairy
- cerumen glands
-surrounded by bone, lined by thin, hairless skin
When examining an adult TM, what way do you pull to straighten the ear canal?
-up, out, posterior
When enacting a child TM, what way do you pull the straighten their ear canal?
-down, out, posterior
What does a normal tympanic membrane look like?
translucent and pearly
Where does the chordates tympani run posterior to the TM?
-superior part near pars flaccida
Where does the cone of light fan down & anterior from?
the umbo
What is conductive hearing loss?
-external or middle ear problem
What is sensorineural hearing loss?
- inner ear, cochlear nerve ot central brain connections
Describe the Whisper test
- doctor behind patient
- patient close one ear
- doctor exhales fully and whispers combo of number and letters
- patient repeats the sequence
- repeat with different sequence if answers incorrectly
What is an abnormal vs normal whisper test result?
- normal : patient correctly repeats the sequence or after 2 sequences can identify 3/6
- abnormal : incorrectly identifies 4/6
What does the Weber test access for?
tests for lateralization
What his the purpose of the Ring test and when would you use it?
- compares bone and air conduction
- done if patient fails weber test
Describe the Weber test
-vibrating tuning fork placed over patients head or on middle of forehead
Whats a normal vs abnormal Weber test ?
normal = lateralizes to both ears equally
abnormal = sound lateralizes to one ear (conduction ot sensorineural in opposite ear)
Describe the Rinne Test
- place vibrating tuning fork on mastoid process level with ear canal
- when patient no longer hears the sound quickly place fork close to ear canal and inquire if they can hear the sound and for how long
Whats a normal Rinne test?
AC > BC
If Weber was abnormal and Rinne normal, what should you expect?
sensorineural in opposite ear
What is an abnormal Rinne test?
if AC=BC or BC > AC
-conductive loss to that ear
Conductive loss will localize to what ear?
- localizes to affected ear
AIR conduction is affected due to the outer ear structures
Sensorineural loss localizes to that ear?
-opposite ear
affected ear not receiving sound from bone conduction
What structures should you visualize on the external nose?
- ala nasi
- columella
- vestibule
- bridge
What are internal landmarks of the nose to visualize?
- septum
- vestibule (anterior part of nose)
- turbinates
What will the nasal mucosa look like in…..
viral rhinitis?
allergies?
septal perforation?
- red,edema
- pale,bluish or red
- cocaine, meth, trauma, surgery
What are the 10 different lymph node locations in the head and neck?
- preauricular
- posterior auricular
- Occipital
- tonsillar
- submandibular
- submental
- superficial cervical
- posterior cervical
- deep cervical chain
- supraclavicular
