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ENT Anatomy Cases > ENT Anatomy Clinical Cases > Flashcards

ENT Anatomy Clinical Cases Flashcards

1
Q

What connects the middle ear and the pharynx?

A

Eustachian tube

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2
Q

7 year old boy has a week history of sore L ear with purulent discharge and apparent weakness in his face

A

Acute otitis media with facial nerve palsy

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3
Q

2 days later (7 yr ld with acute otitis media and facial nerve palsy) he is brought back drowsy and confused with…

A

intracranial spread, meningitis, intracerebral abscess

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4
Q

Middle ear infections are most likely to travel…

A

posterior into the mastoid process

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5
Q

the nervous supply of the gag reflex

A

CN9+10

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6
Q

Innervation of the Sternocleiomastoid

A

CN11

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7
Q

55 yr old man, right sided maxillary tooth pain, no abnormalities of his teeth Tapping on the right maxilla elicits sharp pain on the right side of face

A 
Maxillary Sinusitis
(bilateral sinusitis = dental root!!)
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8
Q

Barotrauma

A

pressure trauma in ears

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9
Q

Blockages of the euastachian tube would make barotrauma worse / better?

A

worse

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10
Q

Barotrauma questions

A

hearing loss? - internal ear, if not could be referred pain
discharge?

flying? - up or down
systemic symptoms?
balance?

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11
Q

Innervation of the external tympanic membrane

A

CNV3 and CNX

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12
Q

Innervation of the internal tympanic membrane

A

CNIX

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13
Q

Cranial nerves which can reffer pain to the ear

A

CNV, CNVII, CNIX, CNX

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14
Q

55 yr old man with 3 week history of L earache but no discharge or loss of hearing

A

Think referred pain causes

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15
Q

Cranial nerves which can reffer pain to the ear

A

CNV2, CNV3, CNVII, CNIX, CNX

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16
Q

Pathology of which areas cause referred pain in the ear via CNV3?

A 
Anterior 2/3 tongue
lower teeth
Mandible (including TMJ)
inferior oral cavity
salivary glands
17
Q

Pathology of which areas can cause referred pain in the ear via CNVII?

A

Sphenoid sinus
nasal mucosa
soft palate

18
Q

Ramsay Hunt Syndrome

A

recurrent swelling of CNVII caused by herpes virus usually with vesicles present around the ear

19
Q

Pathology of which areas can cause referred pain in the ear via CNIX?

A

Posterior 2/3 tongue

inferior nasopharynx

20
Q

Pathology of which areas can cause referred pain in the ear via CNX?

A

supraglottic larynx
laryngeal and lingual surfaces of epiglottis
lower pharynx

21
Q

What nerves supply the areas of skin around and on the ear which could cause referred pain

A

CN2 (greater oricular nerve) and CN3 (lesser occipital)

22
Q

5Ts of referred ear pain

A 
Teeth
Tongue
Throat 
TMJ
Trigeminal Neuralga
23
Q

45 yr old F, admitted to hospital with severe headaches, dizziness, vomitting, lack of lacrimation, dryness of sinuses and nasal cavity, loss of taste (radio graphs revile a tumour) which foreman is this tumour likely situated

A

internal acoustic meatus

24
Q

Which cranial nerve supplies the muscles of mastication?

A

CNV

25
Q

35 yr old woman, 4 week history of hoarse voice, recently overcame URTI, note some difficulty swallowing liquids with minor choking however solids are fine (no cough or haemoptysis)

A

Unilateral aDductor vocal chord paralysis

26
Q

Able to swallow solids but not liquids

A

worry about vocal chords

27
Q

Innervation of larynx

A

vagus

28
Q

Posterior cricoarytenoid

A

adduction of vocal cords

29
Q

Lateral cricoarytenoid

A

abduction of vocal cords

30
Q

thyroyarytenoid

A

relaxes vocal cords

31
Q

cricothyroid

A

tenses vocal cords

32
Q

arytenoid

A

Adduction of vocal cords, full closure

33
Q

lingual nerve origin

A

CNV3

34
Q

Chorda tympani origin

A

CNVII

35
Q

35yr old man, admitted to hospital with severe headaches, CT reveals tumour in infratemporal fossa. He has lost sensation to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue but he still has taste. which nerve has been affected by the tumour

A

CNV3 - lingual nerve (proximally)

36
Q

Otic ganglion location

A

infratemporal fossa

ENT Anatomy Cases (1 decks)

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